How to choose sunscreen

With the onset of the warm season there is a significant increase in solar activity. Long stay under innocuous at first glance in the sun's rays is fraught with the appearance of burns, allergies, hyperpigmentation, irritation and peeling on the skin. To protect yourself from these problems, you need to choose a suitable cream to protect against the sun.

What is the sunscreen

Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is divided into the following conditional ranges of the spectrum:

• UVC spectrum is a powerful shortwave radiation, which is mainly absorbed in the upper layers of the atmosphere;
• UVV spectrum - such radiation is most active in a period from 10 to 16 hours, leads to a tan, and can also provoke solar blow, burns, redness and damage to the skin. It is worth noting that the glass and cloth cloth prevent the penetration of these rays. The radiation of the Spectrum UVV can provoke various injuries of the epidermis, including cell mutations and the development of neoplasms;
• UVA Spectrum - the least energy powerful component of solar radiation. However, this type of radiation has the ability to penetrate deep into the epidermis, destroying elastin and collagen fibers. UVA rays are the source of free radicals, causing hyperpigmentation and accelerated aging. This type of radiation is fluent in clouds, glass and a loose fabric. According to the latest research, in addition to the photoregments effect, the impact of this type of rays can also cause skin cancer.

It has long been known that penetrating into the skin, UV radiation is a risk factor capable of malnutrition. Scientific studies argue that such a harmful effects of solar radiation can be avoided. UV radiation is a preventable risk factor for the occurrence of skin diseases, including a deadly dangerous form of cancer - melanoma. In order to avoid various problems provoked by the impact of ultraviolet rays, doctors strongly recommend applying regular sunscreen.

What is based on the effect of sunscreen effect

According to the principle of action, two groups of sunscreens can be distinguished:

• tools reflecting UV rays - contain inorganic mineral particles of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, acting as screens. Such a cream is suitable, including for sensitive skin. The shielding filters form an invisible film on the epidermis surface that does not transmit the radiation of the UVV spectrum. As the minuses of application, it is worth noting that such protection is easily washed off with water when bathing is either erased by a towel - respectively, the cream stops valid and its layer must be updated;
• blocking radiation means are included in the filters neutralizing and absorbing ultraviolet radiation UVA and UVV. Such filtering substances are able to penetrate the epidermis into the depth and form enough effect. These funds are characterized by a lightweight consistency, are not tangible on the skin and create a feeling of comfort, but may not be suitable for people with a tendency to allergic reactions. When buying such a sunscreen cream, it is recommended to carry out a preliminary allerguding, tested it on a small area of \u200b\u200bthe skin.

How to choose sunscreen

A wide range of sunscreens creams are available on sale, the price of which depends on many factors, including the fame of the trade brand and its pricing policy. To select a sunscreen suitable individually, carefully read its description, pay attention to the level of protection and the composition specified on the label. In the list of sunscreen components, such active substances such as Oxybenzon and Avobenzon can be mentioned, as well as retinyl palmitate - the opinions of dermatologists about the harmlessness of these components are diverted. Modern technologies also allow to apply nanoparticle creams that can form an even homogeneous coating on the skin and penetrate the epidermis into their use - with their use of protection from rays UVA and UVV significantly enhanced. The toxicity of some actively active substances of sunscreen cream has not been proven, and impaired harm for health is outweigh by undoubted confirmed scientific research advantages as funds protecting against the harmful effects of UV radiation.

How to choose a sunscreen: varieties

According to the recommendations of dermatologists, it is worth choosing a wide range of a wide range of action enclosing from UVA and UVV rays. Most of the available sunscreens contain SPF filters protecting from UVV radiation. Means containing IPD and PDD filters protect the skin from UVA radiation. It is not necessary to save - a good sunscreen with PDD and SPF effectively protects the skin from negative consequences. The sunscreen may include various moisturizers and expanding irritation, softening components. Properly selected and regularly used sunscreen prevents pigment spots and freckles.

The modern cosmetology industry offers:

• body sunscreen, characterized by universal composition - for efficient protection, you will need to apply about two tablespoons of cream;
• for the face - the skin of this zone is especially sensitive to UV radiation - which means that it requires special protection against damage. Sunscreen facial creams are characterized by a lightweight consistency, quickly absorbed, are not visible and not tangible on the skin. Such means can be used for everyday makeup. Special sunscreen tonal creams are also available. In addition to protection against UV radiation, they differ in a slight tonal effect. It should be borne in mind that the usual tone cream with the presence of UV filters provides minimal skin protection;
• water-repellent and waterproof sunscreen, withstanding some time of swimming without flushing. Such a means will be useful for vacation at sea with frequent swims;
• sunscreen for children are characterized by a soft and gentle composition, as well as a high degree of protection against UV rays. These funds are usually designed for children from three years. Children's sunscreen with hypoallergenic composition for kids from 6 months can be purchased in pharmacies. Application of a similar means for children up to 6 months, as well as under direct sunlight, is not recommended.

How to choose sunscreen: SPF

The main criterion for the efficiency of the sunscreen is traditionally the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) indicator. Its value indicates the level of protection against UVV rays provided by means. According to the specified SPF indicators, you can choose a sunscreen for different skin types. The SPF coefficient is an indicator meaning how many times with the use of this fund you can extend the time of staying in the sun. Thus, it is possible to calculate - if your under the influence of solar radiation turns around after 30 minutes, then the cream with SPF 20 can provide you with a safe being in the sun for 30 * 20 \u003d 600 minutes (up to 10 hours).

It should be borne in mind that the skin of different people reacts to such protective equipment individually. However, to choose which sunscreen is suitable for you, you can use the Fittatrick table to determine the type of skin. According to the scale developed by them, there are six averaged phototypes. Two of them can be attributed to the population of hot African countries, the remaining four are widely found in our latitudes. Having determined to which photoctip you feel, you can find an individually best sunscreen according to the recommendations given:

1. The first phototype includes people with very light skin, prone to the appearance of freckles, blue or green eyes, blond hair. On the skin badly affects the stay in the sun - the reconciliation of redness, irritation and burns arises. To avoid similar problems, the owners of this type of skin are advised to buy a high SPF sunscreen, marked "for sensitive skin". Such a means with SPF 40-50 must be used in the first days of staying in the sun. Next, you can use sunscreen with SPF 30. For this photoTip, it is not recommended to use oil for tanning.
2. The second phototype includes celebrich people with karium or blue eyes, freckles, blond and red hair. In this case, it is possible to sunbathe, gradually gradually increasing the time of staying in the sun. First you want to use with a factor of protection 30, and then 15-20. To stay on the beach it is recommended to choose a waterproof sunscreen.
3. Third type includes people with dark eyes, rusia or brown hair and fairly light skin. This phototyp is the most common in the Slavs. The skin of the people of this photoType lights up quite quickly, and it is usually possible to avoid redness and subsequent irritation. In such a way, it is recommended to first select the sunscreen with SPF 15, and then proceed to the use of the product with SPF 8-10.
4. To the fourth phototypu, you can rank with dark-skinned people with dark hair and brown eyes. Such skin easily tolerates tan, the sun does not leave burns on it. It should be noted that this photoType also needs to be protected. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a sunscreen moisturizing cream designed for dark skin.

Application of sunscreen

The sunscreen should be applied in about half an hour before the planned appearance under the sunny rays. In this case, the cream will have time to absorb and optimally protect the skin.

With the beginning of the warm season, it is recommended to gradually increase the time of staying in the sun, starting from 15-20 minutes so that the skin managed to gradually get used to the effects of UV radiation.

Sunscreen on the skin of the face and body needs to be updated every 2-3 hours. Even the most resistant waterproof cream has a property to gradually wash off and stitched with an energetic rubbing towel. Pay attention to the shelf life of the means. It should be borne in mind that the sunscreen can be used during the season. From last year, the means will have to be unfortunate since last year, as its protective properties are most likely already irrevocably lost.

It should be borne in mind that such a sunscreen is just a cream, while no cosmetic is able to provide 100% protection against solar radiation. Given the recommendations of dermatologists, it should be as thoughtfully and carefully to organize the period of staying under direct sunlight, appearing on the beach during the greatest solar activity (from 11 to 16 hours) only in case of extreme necessity. If you need a long stay in the sun, do not forget also about clothes that protects the sunscreate rays, the headdress and sunglasses.

How to choose sunscreen - video