Alcohol poisoning - what to do at home, first aid. How alcohol poisoning is manifested

Each of us has a certain experience of communicating with alcohol - it so happened that we celebrate all significant events at a generously laid table with a drink. Little or many, but alcohol are always present in our lives. Relations with alcohol will not cause trouble, given their own capabilities and drink wisely. Without knowing the measure, you can seriously harm your health, especially since the question "What to do with alcohol poisoning?" Many of us are set after the poisoning occurred. If a person has crossed strong drinks, you need to act immediately. Let's learn how to help the victim from alcohol poisoning at home.

Alcohol poisoning: when intoxication occurs

Drinking alcohol leads to intoxication - the nervous system at this time is in a special “floating” state from the psychoactive effect of ethanol. A good mood and a sense of euphoria that we are looking for on the bottom of the glass or glass are nothing more than the first signs of alcohol poisoning.

Even a few drops of alcohol are reflected on the state of the body, and the more a person drinks, the more serious the consequences of intoxication will be. By the force of influence on the nervous system, alcoholic beverages are different. The most “harmless” is alcohol in which the content of ethanol is no more than 15%: champagne, vermouth, wine and beer. But such heavy drinks as cognac, vodka, tequila, whiskey and gin cannot be carried away much. The most strong alcohol is recognized by absinthe.

Alcohol poisoning: Stages

The defeat of the body with the components of alcohol occurs as follows: ethanol in the “fun” drink enters the stomach and is soon absorbed by the mucous membranes, through which it enters the bloodstream. A certain portion of toxic substances will neutralize the liver, but the organ cannot completely neutralize a large share of alcohol, then the not processed poison penetrates into the tissues of the brain. Just at this stage, irreversible changes occur in the structure of neurons and the functions of internal organs.

Inxication as a result of alcohol consumption is classified into several stages. The degree of poisoning can accurately determine by laboratory examination by the amount of ppm in the blood. How much a person is drunk, it can also be understood by the corresponding symptoms of alcohol poisoning.

Mild alcohol poisoning

For the sake of a pleasant sense of intoxication, alcohol, in fact, is put on the table. A pair of glasses of wine - and emotional rise, light excitement, as well as unmotivated bliss is provided to you. In this state, it is difficult to evaluate their real capabilities, they, rather, want to overestimate them. However, in reality, the number of errors in the work of a person of the subshof is increasing, and his mental and physical activity is significantly reduced. A mild degree of alcohol poisoning can be determined by advanced pupils and slightly reddened face. The drunk sweat grows stronger and more often experiences the need to empty the bladder.

In addition, a person in feeding begins to raise his voice, all his statements become more categorical and uncompromising. He experiences difficulties in the coherent expression of his thoughts and concentration of attention. The sweeping movements, the “floating” facial expressions, the loss of control over the hidden features of the personality character are also considered symptoms of mild intoxication. Usually a person comes to his senses quite quickly and easily.

Average degree of alcohol poisoning

Signs of alcohol intoxication of medium -sized degree cause more serious concerns: in a person the coordination of movements is disturbed, he “throws” him from side to side, doubles in his eyes and the intelligibility of speech is lost. In this state, the drinking man does not answer for his words and actions. In general, the behavior of a drunk person is determined by the warehouse of his character - alcohol can cause excessive boastfulness, bravado, vulnerability, resentment, scandalous or aggression. The sobering brings general weakness, painful headaches, severe thirst, nausea and vomiting.

Severe alcohol poisoning

When the state of a drunk person is exacerbated, his statements become illegible and meaningless, and he himself ceases to understand anything. A reddened face, hot skin and low pain sensitivity complement the overall picture of severe intoxication of the body. Being intoxicated, a person can get a serious injury and not feel it.

A severe degree of alcohol intoxication is distinguished by terrible consequences: it is difficult to breathe a strongly intoxicated person, he may have a cardiac arrest. When a portion of alcohol enters the body, which is 300 - 400 g translated into pure alcohol, acute alcohol poisoning occurs. This condition is extremely dangerous, its main features are as follows:

• convulsions;
• violation of breathing;
• abundant department of saliva;
• redness of the eye proteins.

A person with acute alcohol intoxication needs emergency medical care.

Alcohol coma

A severe degree of alcohol poisoning can be complicated by the stage at which a intoxicated person flows into a coma. A coma is a peculiar stunning of the body that occurs with an increase in ethanol in the blood to 3%. The main symptom of the approaching danger is a deep fainting. In some cases, the behavior of the victim has a slight motor arousal. The indicator of the deterioration of a person who has crossed alcohol is his eyes:

1. There is no reaction of the pupils to the light, the cornea reflex does not work (the eyelids do not close if you carefully touch the cornea).
2. There is nystagmus (the movement of eyeballs according to the principle of the pendulum).
3. The approach of an alcoholic coma can also indicate a narrowing of the pupils. In some cases, the pupils are narrowing or expanding. Sometimes you can observe the picture when, at the same moment of the pupil of the left and right eye, they have a different size.

On the basis of the waning of the tongue, the penetration of vomiting into the respiratory tract, excessive secretion of saliva and sputum, the victim’s breath is disturbed: a person breathes unevenly and intermittently, sometimes wheezing, while his face acquires a bluish tint. The arterial pressure in the alcoholic coma is reduced, and the pulse is weak and filamentary. In this state, the involuntary release of urine and feces is often observed.

Poisoning surrogate alcohol

Not only large doses of alcohol, but also poor -quality alcohol or its surrogates lead to poisoning. Alcoholic surrogates are called liquids not intended for internal use, but often used precisely instead of alcoholic beverages (due to lower cost). The drinking of medical tinctures, colognes, lotions, denatature, moonshine, mash, “murmur” and other dangerous liquids always ends deplorable. Symptoms of intoxication will be slightly different than with classical alcohol poisoning.

After taking surrogate, a person practically does not get drunk, but if you know the symptoms of poisoning, you can notice them immediately:

• noise in the ears;
• visual violation and smell;
• raising salivation;
• abdominal pain.

If you do not help a person in time, he may die. Treatment for poisoning with surrogate alcohol is not carried out at home - as soon as suspicions of intoxication appeared, you need to immediately call an ambulance. If it is possible to deliver the victim to the hospital faster than the ambulance arrives, it is worth doing just that. The sooner qualified doctors take care of the patient, the more there is a chance to survive.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

Without resorting to the services of doctors, you can independently cope with the poisoning of mild and moderate degree. There are a number of events that will help to bring the victim to his senses: to save his body from the remnants of ethanol and neutralize the decay products.

Gastric lavage for alcohol poisoning

No medications can be taken, since many drugs in combination with alcohol create a “explosive” mixture, which is why the condition of the victim will only worsen.

Drink a intoxicated person with water in a volume of 300 - 500 ml. This is necessary in order to cause vomiting and thus save the stomach from the contents. In most cases, you do not even have to put pressure on the root of the tongue with your fingers - vomiting opens itself, since the body tries to independently push out what poisons it. It will be necessary to provoke vomiting until pure water begins to get out of the stomach.

Important! You can not force water and cause vomiting if a person has lost consciousness. Instead, it is better to wait when an ambulance arrives. At this time, the patient needs to be turned on his side, release him from close clothes and try to get it out of fainting: to massage the ears intensively, sprinkle with water, bring ammonia to the nose.

In the case when indomitable vomiting remains and after absolutely emptying the stomach, the following techniques will help to cope with its calls:

• hold your head under a stream of cold water or attach ice to the nape;
• take a drug against vomiting (for example, metoclopramide). If this does not take any effect, and the vomiting of the masses will be replaced by blood or bile, you need to deliver the victim as soon as possible.

Restore fluid balance in the body with alcohol poisoning

The next step in alcohol poisoning is to eliminate the lack of fluid in the body. On the basis of intoxication, the dehydration process develops: ethanol causes a diuretic effect, and the fluid is excreted from the body in urine, as well as vomiting. In especially severe cases, dehydration threatens human life. Drive the victim with any liquid. Mineral water or clean water with lemon juice is best suited. If a person torments vomiting, the pharmacy of the moisture in the body will help the pharmacy saline solutions such as regron and hydrovite.

Such a tool can be prepared at home: in 1 liter of water at room temperature, you need to dissolve 1 tsp. Soda and soda, and then add 4 tbsp. l. Sahara. The victim must take a healing solution of 2 to 3 sips every 30 minutes.

Treatment with sorbents and useful bacteria for alcohol poisoning

Help in alcohol poisoning at home is inconceivable without the use of sorbents. Polysorb drugs (1 tbsp. On 0.5 tbsp. Water), SMEXTA (united 3 bags per 1 tbsp. Water), enterosgel (50 g per 1 tbsp. Water) will significantly improve the condition of a person suffering from alcohol intoxication. By the way, many people consider activated carbon in alcohol poisoning perhaps the only way to eliminate poor health. In fact, the sorption capabilities of the drug are not very large, but because of the acceptable price, it continues to take it “according to the old memory”: 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight, washed down with water. The drugs described above are needed to remove toxic decay products from the body and reduce diarrhea. Medications of this group are not taken along with other drugs, so that the interval should be maintained for about 2 hours.

If severe diarrhea appears on the basis of poisoning, you must certainly restore the intestinal microflora. Special complexes of beneficial bacteria Acipol, Yogurt, Linex will help solve this issue.

Important! Diarye with alcohol poisoning cannot be purposefully eliminated - this is another protective reaction in addition to vomiting with which the body gets rid of toxic substances.

Eliminate pain in alcohol poisoning

A headache in alcohol poisoning of moderate severity sometimes drives crazy. It is impossible to endure painful sensations - the pain syndrome needs to be blocked. Aspirin is not suitable for this purpose, since acetylsalicylic acid in combination with ethanol will not bring any benefit to the body. Then what to drink with alcohol poisoning? It is best to get rid of pain with analgesic drugs based on ibuprofen.

How to treat alcohol poisoning

In attempts to alleviate the condition of a person with alcohol poisoning, it is strictly prohibited:

• resort to a dubious daring method (treat a hangover with a new portion of alcohol);
• take a hot bath or go to the bathhouse;
• drink “inappropriate” tablets - furosemide, paracetamol, analgin, sleeping pills and anti -allergic agents;
• take medicines to eliminate diarrhea.

Folk remedies for alcohol poisoning

The people have come up with many ways to defeat the hangover and alcohol poisoning without pills:

1. Dilute in 1 liter of boiled water 2 tbsp. l.  honey and take several sips during the day.
2. Prepare a decoction of tansy - a wonderful remedy for poisoning of any kind. Take 50 g of dried raw materials and brew it with boiling water (0.5 l), then add 20 g of chamomile flowers there. A cooled and filtered agent should be taken during food at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. 10 kg of body weight.
3. After stormy libations, an ammonia solution will quickly lead to the sense of an ammonia solution, ammonia in everyday life. In a glass of water, dissolve 10 drops of the product. You need to take the medicine 1 - 2 small sips every 30 minutes.
4. If nausea is tortured, you can be saved by a decoction of lemon balm. 1 tsp Dried and crushed raw materials fly 250 ml of boiling water, let it brew a little, and then drink a useful drink instead of tea. For taste to the product, you can add a little honey and a slice of lemon.
5. The body will get rid of toxic toxins the fastest, if you drink lemon, orange or grapefruit juice during the day.

The next morning after the party, where a lot was drunk, you need to afford to relax. Alcoholic poisoning cannot be transferred on the legs. It is most correct to take a cool shower, do not eat through force, drink a lot of ordinary water. If there is a feeling of general malaise, you need to go to bed and not get up until the weakness leaves. If after 10 hours well -being does not return to normal, you need to consult a doctor.