What is plasmapheresis - indications, contraindications. Treatment of plasmapheresis - how the procedure is performed, the effect

Our body is a established, constantly functioning mechanism, each part of which plays a role and is an important part of a person’s life. The main organism of the human body is the circulatory system, with which all the tissues and organs of a person are supplied with blood. Red fluid spreads nutrients, oxygen through the body and allows you to maintain the work of all organs at the proper level. Over time, due to improper nutrition, poor ecology, various negative effects, the blood is saturated with poisoning elements and toxins, which, together with the current, are carried throughout the body and penetrate all tissues and organs.

All this has a negative effect on human immunity and causes various diseases. It was for this that many years ago the plasmapheresis procedure was invented - a popular technique for cleansing blood and restoring metabolic processes in the human body.

In this article, we consider the pros and cons of plasmapheresis, as well as the main features of blood purge plasmapheresis. We highlight all the testimonies and contraindications of the methodology and the technology of plasmapheresis.

What is plasmapheresis - the essence of the procedure

Plasmapheresis is the most popular and effective way to cleanse blood, which began to be used since ancient times. Our ancestors also considered blood a source of life, since thanks to it, oxygen and useful trace elements are carried throughout the body. Even ancient medical scientists believed that with the help of blood, one can cure a variety of diseases and save a person from severe ailments. There was an opinion that blood cleansing helps to slow down the aging of the body. That is why many years ago blood fraternities were created, where the blood of the elderly and young people united. For a long time, people thought that with a constant replacement of the blood of the elderly with a younger one, one can achieve a gradual slowdown in aging and even return youth to the human body. These theories were very popular in the days of Lenin.

You should not consider all this with mystical delirium, since many provisions of ancient blood purification have entered into the creation of a methodology for the treatment of plasmapheresis. This method became popular in the nineties. In 1908, the first works on this method of blood purification were presented in Germany, which in a rather short time became very popular. At first, the cleansing of blood by plasmapheresis was a very complex process and was considered a surgical operation. However, with the advent of plastic containers and intravenous infusion, the procedure has become available in medical circles and gained popularity among people.

Plasmapheresis implies the release of blood from the human body and division into two parts: liquid blood or plasma and blood cells, i.e. Leukocytes, platelets and red blood cells. The plasma is extracted and no longer returned to the blood system, and blood cells are cleaned and divorced with physiological solution, glucose and hem -replacements, after which they return to the human body. This procedure can be carried out in several ways, using apparatus and without them. It is important to consider that blood plasmapheres cannot be carried out at home, this procedure is very complicated and involves the use of complex devices and medical knowledge, so it is necessary to do blood purification only under the conditions of a medical institution by experienced medical workers.

Types of plasmapheresis

Blood is a source of the life of the whole organism, because it is not for nothing that all kinds of blood tests are carried out to obtain a general picture of human health. It is in it that all trace elements, hormones, and toxins, and poisonous substances that fall into the human body are displayed. With the help of cleaning, you can improve about 25-30% of human blood in one session, which contributes to a more effective treatment of various human diseases. In medicine, they use a variety of methods of plasmapheresis, which are distinguished by the method of execution used by devices. Consider the most popular and frequently used types of plasmapheresis in medical institutions.

• Passenger type of plasmapheresis. This method of blood cleansing is the simplest and most affordable from a financial point of view. However, here it is worth noting a large number of minuses, such as the opportunity to catch the infection and cleaning a small amount of blood.
• Hardware plasmapheresis. This technique is more popular and justified, as it has a large number of positive aspects and proven effectiveness. This procedure is carried out using various devices for plasmapheresis, on which the type of method depends.
• Plasmapheresis using a centrifuge. This is a type of hardware plasmapheresis, in which a special centrifuge is used to divide the blood into parts. The centrifuge directly joins the person, after which blood enters it, where in the process of rotation the blood is divided into plasma and enzymes. At the same time, enzymes are saturated with grave substitutes and returned to the human circulatory system.

• Membrane plasmapheresis. This method of purification of blood is also called filtration. It is very popular, since in his process a medical worker uses special membranes that delay blood enzymes and pass plasma.
• Cascaded plasmapheresis. With this method of blood cleaning, special filters are used, with which the plasma is passed several times. The first time the plasma is separated from the enzyme blood cells, the second time larger molecules are released from the plasma and are delayed on filters.
• Sedimentary plasmapheresis. This method of cleansing is to defend blood for some time, during which enzyme cells fall into precipitate.

The positive and negative aspects of plasmapheresis

Therapeutic plasmapheresis is a complex medical procedure that requires the use of expensive equipment and experienced personnel. Therefore, it is so important to clearly represent the harm and benefits of plasmapheresis in order to determine the need for it and the effectiveness of using this method. Let us consider in more detail with all the pros and cons of the blood purification procedure.

Positive aspects of plasmapheresis:

• One of the advantages of plasmapheresis is the fact that the procedure is carried out only in the clinic or hospital, which eliminates the risk of improper conduct and complications.
• The plus of the blood purification procedure is the use of only sterile and disposable tools, which completely eliminates the risk of infection in the blood.
• Perhaps the main positive quality of the plasmapheresis procedure in the clinic is - for each patient, the amount of blood that is taken for cleaning is individually calculated. For this, patients who are necessarily taken before cleansing are carefully studied, the weight and growth of a person, his gender and age are taken into account. If the blood is taken more, complications may occur.
• The process of blood purification is completely controlled by a doctor and devices - this is also a plus of the procedure. Pressure, pulse, and blood saturation with oxygen are controlled in order to see negative changes in time.
• The blood cleansing procedure with plasmapheresis is absolutely painless.
• The plasmapheresis procedure significantly strengthens and improves human immunity and normalizes pressure.
• With plasmapheresis, the blood cleared with apparatus is slightly cleaned, which is a prevention of cardiovascular diseases and thrombosis.
• When purifying blood, plasmapheresis, cholesterol plaques accumulated on the walls of blood vessels are removed.
• Such a technique helps to saturate organs with a large amount of oxygen.

The harm of plasmapheresis:

• This procedure is carried out in the conditions of the clinic by experienced doctors, so there are practically no negative qualities.
• The obvious negative side of the procedure includes the fact that only 15-20% of the blood can be cleaned in one session, and with serious diseases this is not enough to obtain a positive result. Therefore, it is most often recommended to carry out a whole course of such procedures, and this, in turn, is significant financial expenses, since the cost of plasmapheresis is quite high.
• Achieving a positive result from the procedure requires the use of maintenance therapy and diet, which is not always convenient and depends on human motivation.
• Another disadvantage of the plasmapheresis procedure is to remove beneficial substances, such as immunoglobulins, which are an important part of human immunity. However, the weakening or deterioration of immunity is not observed.

Indications and contraindications for the conduct of plasmapheresis

Plasmapheresis is a medical procedure, so it is distinguished by the complexity of the conduct and use of devices. You can make plasmapheres in any private clinic with good reviews and reputation, however, before this procedure it is necessary to clearly present all the indications and contraindications, which will depend on your health and the effectiveness of the methodology.

Plasmapheresis testimony:

• The plasmapheresis procedure is recommended for various cardiovascular diseases. This group includes angina pectoris, myocarditis, atherosclerosis, viral diseases, postinfarctic changes.
• Indication is also diseases of the respiratory system, which include bronchial asthma, alveolitis and others.
• For diseases of the kidneys and liver, it is also recommended to carry out the plasmapheresis procedure.
• Various problems with the gastrointestinal tract, for example, ulcers, colitis.
• The blood cleansing procedure with plasmapheresis is indicated for various diseases of the endocrine system. This technique can be used for diabetes, tyrexicosis.
• It is recommended to cleanse blood with plasmapheresis in some gynecological diseases, for example, before artificial fertilization, during menopause, with various inflammatory processes of the reproductive system.
• Indication for conducting connective tissue are also indicated. It is recommended to conduct a course of plasmapheresis for scleroderma, with a red lupus, with arthritis, with dermatomyositis.
• Plasmapheresis can help with skin lesions such as psoriasis, herpes, bubbles. In this case, with the help of cleaning, toxins that cause these diseases can be removed from the blood.
• Diseases with allergic manifestations are also an indication for several sessions of blood cleansing by plasmapheresis. Positive results can be achieved with urticaria, quinca edema, dermatitis, thermal or cold allergies.
• The use of the methodology of plasmapheresis in various diseases of the nervous system is shown. Blood purification can have a beneficial effect on the treatment of diseases such as encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, infectious diseases.
• The plasmapheresis procedure can help in some eye diseases, for example, retinopathy or uveit.
• Plasmapheresis during pregnancy is shown: with Rh conflict, with fetoplacental insufficiency, severe toxicosis, gestosis.
• Plasmapheresis can help relieve alcohol, nicotine or narcotic dependence.
• This method of blood purification is recommended for chemical poisoning.

Contraindications of plasmapheresis:

• This procedure is contraindicated in various kinds of bleeding. With these symptoms, blood cleansing is strictly prohibited.
• In severe diseases of the brain, it is also forbidden to perform the plasmapheresis procedure. Such diseases include a stroke.
• The conduct of plasmapheresis is contraindicated during the period of decompensation of diseases such as cardiovascular, liver or renal failure.
• The presence of acute mental disorders also cannot be carried out by blood plasmapheres.
• The above points are the strictest contraindication to the conduct of plasmapheresis. However, besides them, there are also relative ones. This means that the problems that have arisen need to be eliminated until the moment of cleaning of the blood or conduct it individually after the resolution of the doctor.
• With low blood pressure or poor blood coagulation, it is also contraindicated in the plasmapheresis procedure.
• This procedure cannot be carried out with a stomach or intestine peptic disease.
• Violation of the heart rhythm can also be a contraindication to blood cleansing using the plasmapheresis method.
• It is not recommended to conduct plasmapheresis with a low protein content in the blood.
• The period of menstruation in women is also a relative contraindication to blood plasmapheresis.

Methodology for conducting plasmapheresis

• The plasmapheresis procedure is carried out only in a hospital with the necessary special devices.
• In fact, this is surgical intervention, like any other blood transfusion.
• In time, the plasmapheresis procedure takes about 1 hour, it depends primarily on the type of procedure used and the required amount of blood for cleaning.
• Since plasmapheresis is a rather long procedure, it is important for the patient to take a convenient pose. Most often it is necessary to lie down or take a reclining position. If weakness is felt during the procedure, you can put a towel under your head, and your legs are slightly lifted.
• Today in clinics there are various devices for plasmapheresis, among which stationary and portable ones are distinguished.
• Before performing the procedure, it is necessary to take blood tests, since on the basis of their doctor prescribes an individual plasmapheresis treatment program: the optimal amount of blood for cleaning is calculated.
• A catheter with a needle is introduced into the human hand, the diameter of which is slightly larger than that of the dropper. Modern devices are equipped with two catheter: through one blood it is taken for cleaning, and through the second already pure blood enters the human body.
• The choice of the device depends on the doctor’s prescription, this, in turn, depends on the choice of plasmapheresis: membrane plasmapheresis, centrifular plasmapheresis or cascading plasmapheresis.
• Blood is taken by portionedly, at a time for cleaning, approximately 40 ml of blood is taken. Thus, about 800 ml of blood can be cleaned in one session, which corresponds to 30% of all human blood.
• Each portion of blood, passing through the apparatus, is divided into parts: a liquid part or plasma and blood cells. Plasma using special filters is completely removed, and blood cells are diluted with physiological solution, glucose, chloride, albumin. Summarizing drugs are added to the desired volume and blood is administered into the human body.
• During the plasmapheresis procedure, the doctor is always next to the patient to control the situation. Sensors are installed on the devices, with the help of which the specialist monitors the pressure of the pressure, the pulse frequency, and the level of blood saturation with oxygen. If complications arise during the procedure, the doctor immediately helps the patient.

Complications during plasmapheresis

If the procedure is carried out in a good clinic with an excellent reputation, where the staff consists of experienced doctors, then the risk of complications is minimized. It is important to use only disposable and sterile tools, as well as carry out the procedure in a completely sterile room. However, in some cases, complications that are different in nature and complexity can still occur.

• Sometimes an allergic reaction can manifest with individual intolerance to administered drugs. Everything can bring up to anaphylactic shock. This is caused by donor plasma or drugs that are introduced into the human blood to prevent blood clots.
• In rare cases, hypotension may occur - a sharp decrease in blood pressure, which is observed with one -time excretion of a large volume of blood. This can happen with unprofessional procedure, during which an individual amount of blood necessary for cleansing was not calculated. Such a complication can lead to complete or partial death of the brain, to the death of a person or disability.
• Sometimes bleeding can be observed, which occurs due to the excess of the necessary dose of drugs for the ability to coagulate.
• Sometimes, during such a procedure, blood clots can form. This is due to a low dosage of drugs for blood coagulation. Cloths enter the bloodstream and can clog narrower vessels, which often leads to death.
• With non -compliance with many rules, infection and blood poisoning with hepatitis or HIV can be observed. The probability of this is extremely low and occurs only in the absence of the sterility of tools and premises, as well as with without a hardware method of plasmapheresis. That is why it is so important to carefully approach the choice of the clinic for this procedure.
• Sometimes renal failure can be observed as complications. In this case, this applies to the replacement of its own plasma donor and with blood incompatibility.

The number of plasmapheresis procedures and their cost

The duration of the entire course of treatment with plasmapheresis depends primarily on your disease and the doctor’s prescription. You yourself are not entitled to set the desired number of sessions, as this is strictly done in terms of your health, test results, age and gender. To establish the required number of plasmapheresis procedures, the doctor must take into account the intake of some drugs, the patient has alcoholic or drug addiction, the presence of contraindications for such a procedure, lifestyle and the environmental state of the patient's place of residence. Based on all these data, the doctor prescribes the number of procedures, selects the optimal type of plasmapheresis and determines the optimal amount of blood that must be cleansed for the course of treatment.

It is important to consider that no cosmetic doctor will be able to appoint you this procedure to eliminate acne. This is possible only according to strict indications, in addition, the plasmapheresis procedure is most often carried out in a hospital of private clinics, since in city clinics such expensive equipment is most often available. On average, the duration of the course of treatment with the help of blood cleansing is a period of 2 to 12 sessions, during which there is a complete cleansing of the blood of the human body.

The price of plasmapheresis varies depending on the type of methodology and the number of procedures used. On the territory of Russia, the plasmapheresis procedure will cost you about 6,000-31,000 rubles, depending on the method of purification of blood.

Plasmapheresis - reviews

Plasmapheresis is a therapeutic procedure that is prescribed by a doctor to achieve a positive result in the fight against some diseases. Today on the Internet you can find a large number of reviews about this procedure. All reviews of real people who have experienced this miraculous procedure, mostly positive, and negative statements are most often associated with the manifestation of some individual reactions to introduced drugs. According to some reviews, at the end of the plasmapheresis procedure, patients had a tingling sensation in the limbs, as well as slight numbness and cold. However, the result of blood cleansing was very effective. By many discussions on the Internet, it can be judged that this procedure works miracles and helps to get rid of complex ailments.

When there is a great desire to help yourself cope with a prolonged disease using plasmapheresis, contact only good and proven clinics where professionals work.

Plasmapheresis is a unique procedure for cleansing the blood of a person, which helps to remove all accumulated toxins and poisonous substances. And this will strengthen human immunity and improve the general state of health. The main thing is to remember that such a procedure is necessary strictly as prescribed by a doctor in a hospital.