Symptoms of ulcerative colishes. Treatment of ulcerative colishes in adults and children. People's treatment of ulcerative colishes. Diet and nutrition with ulcerative colishes

Modern life is associated with a large number of stresses, hurry, fast and improper nutrition, which can lead to fairly unpleasant consequences. Most often in such conditions, the gastrointestinal tract suffers, the diseases of which can have different etiology and manifest themselves to the most different symptoms. Gastritis and ordinary intestinal inflammations can be the most simple consequences, but in the worst representation everything can turn into the transition of inflammatory processes into a chronic form, which in turn leads to the emergence of ulcerative colitis or nonspecific ulcerative colishes.

This disease is characterized by inflammation of the intestines of certain areas, accompanied by ulcers and bleeding. When such symptoms is important time to begin treatment of ulcerative colitis, bowel, to avoid further complications.

This article describes the main features of the disease ulcerative colitis, bowel, note the general rules and the national drug treatment of the disease. Also present nuances of proper nutrition and diet intestinal colitis ulcerative.

What is ulcerative colitis, bowel

Ulcerative colitis is a fairly complex and lengthy illness, the treatment of which requires great effort on the part of the doctor and the patient. Often, full recovery may take several years, as the disease is still poorly understood and is not always diagnosed in time. At its core, ulcerative colitis - a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract and colon, which is accompanied by ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the possible complications of sepsis, necrosis, hemorrhage.

This is a very dangerous disease that is important in time to diagnose and start timely treatment, since when neglected, ulcerative colitis can grow into a cancer. This disease is detected both in men and in women, with most often the ulcerative colitis of the large intestine worrying people from 20 to 40 years. At a later age, such chronic pathology manifests itself much less frequently. It is also worth considering that people who constantly live in metropolis and developed industrial countries suffer from ulcerative colitis.

The ulcerative colitis is considered a fairly old disease, the symptoms of which were first described in England in about 1859. And in 1885, the English physician demonstrated a scientist of the public a colon layout with clearly distinguishable ulcers, which was obtained after opening. This was the first description of the disease, which was gradually studied by scientists and doctors. In 1913, the domestic scientist Kazachenko proposed a term non-specific ulcerative colitis, which at the moment they operate all doctors and scientists. It is impossible to say that today all the nuances of this disease are known - it is still not fully open, it is precisely that it complicates the treatment of ulcerative colishes in adults and children.

Types and forms of ulcerative colishes

The ulcerative colitis has several classifications that depend on the most different features and manifestations of the disease, as well as on the degree of its severity and nature of the flow. Consider the main forms and types of ulcerative colishes.

Types of nonspecific ulcerative colisses of the intestine at the location of localization:

• Regional ulcerative colitis. This is perhaps the most simple form of the disease. It is a local colon damage expressed by the inflammation of a small part of the intestines. If not to begin treatment of regional ulcerative colitis on time, the disease can grow into a more severe form.
• Total ulcerative colitis. This is a more serious and complex form of non-specific ulcerative colitis, the treatment of which occupies a long period of time. Total ulcerative colitis appears if it does not begin to treat the regional form of the disease on time. It is the inflammation of the entire epithelial bowel layer, while very often the disease is affecting the deeper tissues of the mucous membrane.
• Left-sided ulcerative colitis. It is the inflammation of the rectum, developing due to fungal and viruses in it. It takes pretty painful, always accompanied by constipation and severe sharp abdominal pain on the left side. With a non-time-started treatment, serious complications arise.
• Nonspecific ulcerative intestinal scratch. It is inflammation of the finite departure of the rectum. In this case, mechanical damage to the mucous membrane is observed, which can lead to infectious complications and the likelihood of oncology.

Classification of ulcerative colitis according to the severity of the disease.

• Light shape of the ulcerative colishes. With this type of disease, a very satisfactory condition of the patient is noted. There are no different complications, the symptoms are an inadequate soft chair and a small amount of blood in it. This form of the disease can be cured in a few weeks without the need to hospitalize the patient.
• Ulcerative colitis of medium severity. With this form of the disease, the patient also feels satisfactorily, but the symptoms are more unfolded. There is fatigue, fever, tachycardia, there are some deviations in blood tests. The symptom of such a form is also a liquid chair with a bright blood admixture in it.
• Heavy form of ulcerative colishes. With a given degree of illness, the patient feels extremely difficult. He has fever, high body temperature, anemia, diarrhea. Silent shape of ulcerative colitis requires urgent hospitalization and operational intervention, as serious consequences are possible. After that, it will be needed for a long time on rehabilitation.

There is another classification of the ulcerative coliste of the intestine, which is based on the degree of flow of the disease.

• Chronic ulcerative colishes. It is a sluggish disease, in the course of which there may be sudden attacks of state deterioration. Characterized by hereditary factors of development. With this form of the disease on the intestinal mucosa, ulcers are formed, with inflammation of which the state of the person sharply deteriorates, digestion is disturbed, severe pain and bloating appear, problems with a chair appear.
• Acute ulcerative colishes. It is supremely emerging attacks in which the state of a person sharply deteriorates and all the symptoms of chronic colitis appear. If you do not start the treatment on time, dehydration can develop and can die.
• Recurrent ulcerative colishes. It is a chronic form of ulcerative colitis with emerging acute attacks that occur under the influence of external factors. The sign of the ulcerative colishes is extensive ulcers on the mucous membrane. After appropriate treatment and removal of an irritating factor, the disease passes again into a chronic form. If exacerbations are rare, then drug treatment of ulcerative colitis is allowed. With constant symptoms of acute colitis, a solution may be made for operational intervention.
• Hemorrhagic ulcerative colisters. This is a rather complicated form of ulcerative colitis, in which an acute diarrhea is observed, provoked by the toxic stick. Diarrhea is always accompanied by abundant blood discharge. If treatment has begun, a person may die.
• Non-necrotic colitis. This is a rather rare form of a disease, which is inherent in newborn children with weakened immunity and impaired protective functions of the body. With this form of ulcerative colishes in children, food is poorly digested, it is lagging behind in development, does not grow. Very often, when Ignoring symptoms may have a fatal outcome.

Causes of ulcerative colishes

To know how to treat ulcerative colishes, it is primarily important to know the main causes of the occurrence of this disease. It is worth noting that still scientists are unknown, which is why the ulcerative colishes of the intestines appear, which provokes its occurrence. To date, all scholarships of the world are constantly working to clarify the causes of non-specific ulcerative colishes of the intestines, but generally allocate several hypotheses:

• According to one of the reasons, the ulcerative colisters of the intestine is caused by environmental factors, namely an unidentified infection. This also contributes to the weakening of immunity and protective functions of the body, which leads to the emergence of mechanical damage to the intestinal mucosa. It is through these damages that pathogenic bacteria and viruses penetrate inside the intestine, which leads to an inflammatory process.
• According to another version, ulcerative colitis has an autoimmune origin, according to which a person predisposed to a disease of nonspecific ulcerative colitis has a gene defect. This is due to the fact that the immune system begins to produce its own antibodies that attack the intestinal epithelocytes.
• There is another theory, according to which the ulcerative colishes of the intestine occurs in response to stress. The risk of the appearance of this disease increases with high patient exposure to psychic and annoying factors, as well as reduced stress-resistant situations. This is most often addicted to weakened protection of the body's immune system, which leads to the appearance of the inflammatory process.
• The reason for the occurrence of ulcerative colitis is also considered hereditary predisposition. It is believed that if close relatives once suffered from this disease, the risk of its appearance increases. To date, scientists have learned about the existence of genes that may be responsible for hereditary predisposition to the ulcerative colitis.
• The factors affecting the occurrence of ulcerative colitis include improper nutrition and reception of certain drugs (contraceptives, certain anti-inflammatory drugs).

Symptoms of ulcerative colishes

There are a large number of signs of ulcerative colishes, which depend on the form of the disease and the degree of flow. Therefore, all patients have a different manifestation of ulcerative colitis. Some feel satisfactory and they have a symptom of only blood streams in Kale. Others are tormented from high body temperature, fever, acute diarrhea and a large amount of blood during a fear. Specific symptoms can be distinguished, which are inherent in the ulceated intestinal colisted.

• The most frequent symptom of ulcerative colitis is the presence of bleeding from the rectum, as well as severe pain. With severe colitis, a sharp bloody diarrhea is observed.
• Frequent strong diarrhea is another main symptom of this disease. On average per day can be up to 20 times.
• The ulcerative colishes of the intestines always accompany severe abdominal pain in the form of spasms.
• Sometimes constipation can be observed, although this happens quite rarely, since it most often happens on the contrary - the patient suffers from diarrhea.
• Poor well-being, the loss of appetite and strong fatigue are also the symptoms of this disease.
• In the acute form of ulcerative colitis, an increase in body temperature may be observed.
• Due to frequent diarrhea, there is a sharp weight loss, which is also considered a sign of the manifestation of the disease.
• Symptoms also include the presence of blood, pus and mucus in the wheel masses. This is one of the most frequent symptoms.
• In the ulcerative colishes of the intestine, the level of hemoglobin is sharply reduced due to constant bleeding.
• The symptom of the disease is also frequent urges for detergents, when during the campaign to the toilet instead of the roam masses, mucus and pus comes out.
• Sometimes there is a defecation at night, when the desire to be able to be practiced sharply.
• Nausea, vomiting, dehydration, fever is also considered symptoms of ulcerative colitis, which characterize intoxication of the body.

Features of the diagnosis of ulcerative colishes

To prescribe a proper treatment and determine the principles of nutrition in the ulcerative colishes of the intestines, it is important on time and accurately diagnose the disease. All procedures are quite unpleasant, but without them it is simply impossible to determine the exact disease, since similar symptoms are present in other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is important to carry out a laboratory and instrumental study, the fence of materials for the diagnosis.

• First of all, the doctor conducts a thorough examination of the patient. For this, skin surfaces, pallor and dryness are studied, the abdominal bloating is observed. After that, the specialist should inspect the anal passage. If the cracks and thickening of the mucous membrane are detected on it, it may also testify to ulcerative colitis.
• Next, a laboratory study is carried out, which will help diagnose the disease.
• A general blood test is carried out, during which elevated ESP, anemia, an increase in the number of leukocytes is revealed.
• One study is a biochemical blood test, which shows a decrease in cholesterol level, albumin, signs of dehydration, to which indicates a decrease in magnesium, sodium, chlorine.
• A copron is carried out - feces analysis, during which the presence or absence of blood traces is found.
• An analysis of the C-jet protein is also carried out, the elevated level of which indicates the presence of an ulcer coliste.
• Bak-sowing is carried out, which is necessary to eliminate certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, dysentery.
• The doctor also appoints a molecular genetic study or PCR, which makes it possible to eliminate the viral and parasitic nature of the disease.
• A histological study is also conducted, which helps to identify the smallest signs of ulcerative colitis and eliminate the cancer states of the gastrointestinal tract.
• During the analysis of the feces, a study is also conducted on fecal cylindect. This allows you to identify the presence of inflammation in the intestine.

In addition to the above laboratory studies, instrumental, which help to see the full picture of the diagnosed disease are carried out.

• The most basic instrumental diagnostic method is fibroidokolonoscopy. This procedure is an endoscopic study of the rectum using optics. Such a study is considered to be the most effective and reliable and allows you to study the state of the intestinal mucous membrane throughout the length. During the procedure there is also a fence material for histological examination.
• The doctor may also assign an ultrasound with which you can reveal the thickening of the intestinal walls, as well as its expansion. However, its effectiveness is much lower than that of colonoscopy.
• Irrigoscopy. This procedure means the use of a contrast agent that is introduced inside the rectum and allows you to see the location of the narrowing in the intestine, uneven pattern on the mucous membrane, minor expansion.
• MRI is also held, during which the entire intestine is being studied and nearby organs.
• Diagnosis of the disease also contains rectoroscopy - study by an endoscope to detect mucus, erosion, blood, ulcers and edema.

Treatment of ulcerative colishes

Treatment of ulcerative colishes depends primarily on the severity and duration of the course of the disease. At the same time, treatment must be integrated and include many factors, therefore it is carried out strictly under the supervision of the doctor. It is important to remove the symptoms of the disease and return the patient to normal life.

• First of all, the doctor prescribes the patient a normal regime of life, in which all physical and emotional loads are excluded.
• The correct diet is considered to be part of the treatment of ulcerative colishes of the intestine, according to which the doctor determines that it is possible to eat at the ulcerative coliste of the intestine.
• The main part of the treatment is the reception of drug drugs at ulcerative colishes. The main drugs are sulfasalazine, preparations of group 5-ASK, corticosteroids, as well as cytostatics. Sulfasalazine is used at mild and medium in gravity form of ulcerative colitis - the average dose of 3 grams, which is prescribed for 4 weeks, after which the dosage is reduced. The drugs of the group 5-ASC doctor also appoints with a light and middle form of the disease, while they are considered easier and characterized by fewer side effects than sulfasalazine. Corticosteroids doctor prescribes with very heavy form of ulcerative colitis. At first, hydrocortisone intravenously is injected, after which they go to prednisone tablets.
• In addition to the main drugs, the doctor prescribes medicines to eliminate symptoms. Antispasmodics, hemostatic drugs and anti-diagracial preparations are used.
• Sometimes classical treatment does not help and the doctor prescribes an operational intervention, which can be several species. Palliative operations are carried out if the direct intestines are damaged not more than 60%. In this case, the intestine is not deleted completely. Radical operations by a doctor are prescribed with a serious intestinal defeat and the impossibility to eliminate the symptoms in the form of constant bleeding. It is an operation to partially remove a part of the intestine with its subsequent recovery. Another group of operations is a reconstructive surgical intervention, during which the rectum is completely removed, after which the prosthesis is installed.
• After treatment and operation, it is important to correctly hold a rehabilitation period, during which you need to adhere to the diet and the necessary rhythm of life.

Features of the ulcerative colishes in children

Yazine colitis can be observed in children of different ages. According to statistical data, about 10% of children detected symptoms of ulcerative colitis. As in adults, the disease in children is an inflammatory process of the intestinal mucosa, expressed by wounds and ulcers. In half cases of illness in children - this is a chronic disease.

The ulcerative colishes is observed in girls and boys, while girls are most often sick in adolescence, and boys aged 6 to 18 months. A feature of the manifestation of symptoms of the disease in children is considered the fact that children are more likely to suffer from severe form of ulcerative colitis and them more often than adults need operational intervention.

It is important to take into account that the ulcerative colishes of the intestines in children proceeds much faster. Therefore, parents should be very attentive and pay attention to the slightest symptoms that can cause anxiety. The main symptoms include abdominal pain, bleeding, liquid chair, which can be the first call for a campaign to the doctor. Sickness in childhood, the child the rest of his life will be forced to stand in the dispensary and take the necessary drugs to avoid exacerbation.

Diet with ulcerative colishes and folk remedies for its treatment

An important condition for the struggle against ulcerative colitis is to hold proper nutrition, which is determined by the doctor and is based on the use of products that contribute to the elimination of diarrhea and reducing the negative impact on the intestine.

• The menu with ulcerative colishes should consist of a large amount of fiber, warm food.
• First of all, it is allowed to eat low-fat fish and a bird, a couple of times a week you can eat veal or beef.
• You can eat only egg squirrel, yolk is usually not allowed.
• For breakfast, you can eat yesterday's bread or bread with bran, but not more than 100 grams.
• Dairy products can be consumed, but with low fat. This applies to cottage cheese, whole milk, natural yogurt.
• Vegetables and fruits can only be recycled: boiled or rubbed.
• It is also important to give porridge, preference of which is better to give oatmeal. But besides it is allowed to use rice, buckwheat and semolina.
• You can not eat saline, sweet, sour and smoked, forget about coffee and strong tea, you should not eat canned food, jam, pickled vegetables.

Doctors allow the use of folk treatment of ulcerative intestinal colisses along with classic medication. Often, traditional medicine makes it possible to improve the patient's condition and remove some symptoms, but it is impossible to fully cure with medicinal herbs.

• As an example, you can use dried yarrow flowers and sage, mixed in equal proportions. Take 3 tbsp. Mix and pour them with 1 liter of boiled water. The mixture must be insisted within 4 hours and take a whole month of 1 tbsp. 7 times a day.
• You can also use tea from linden, cherry, calendula.

The ulcerative colishes of the intestines is a rather complicated and serious illness that brings many suffering and long-term treatment. There are no special prevention measures, it is important to see the symptoms in time and consult a doctor. The timely started treatment is always a pledge of complete recovery.