Symptoms and signs of cystitis in a child. Diagnosis of cystitis in children - tests. How and how to treat cystitis in children

Recently, more and more often, children have been fixed in the inflammatory process in the bladder. In medicine, such a pathology is called cystitis. What kind of attack is this as it manifests itself and how to treat cystitis in children? We will talk about all this and much more below.

How often can you meet cystitis in children?

Inflammation of the walls of the bladder is called cystitis. It is characterized by frequent, painful campaigns in the toilet, approximately every 15-20 minutes. As for cystitis in children, you can meet such a pathology at any age, regardless of the gender of the child. But it is noted that cystitis in children of girls is diagnosed 3-5 times more often. This is due to the features of the structure of the genitals of small girls (short urethra, proximity of the anus).

Often cystitis in children of boys, since imperfect urinary system is very often "attack" of all kinds of infections. Medical statistics show that at infants, the risk of cystitis is the same for both boys and girls. It is also noted that cystitis appears more often in genetically predisposed children. There are children in the "risk zone":

• with congenital vice of the development of genitourinary organs;
• suffering from chronic rickets;
• having a deficiency of vitamins and trace elements;
• with stones or sand in urinary;
• which have a weak immune system.

The causes of cystitis in children

There are two main factors that contribute to the development of pathology:

1. Microbial and bacterial infections caused by:

• intestinal microbes;
• gram -negative bacterium - Proteus;
• kokkova group - staphylocok, streptocok;
• prayer wand;
• gram -negative and gram -positive microbes.

2. The second cause of cystitis in children is certain conditions, namely:

• temperature difference leading to cooling;
• lack of personal hygiene of children;
• injuries of the genitourinary system;
• the use of common objects of personal hygiene by the child (towel, washcloth, etc.);
• anomalies in the development of the bladder and urinary tract.

Classification of cystitis in children

Medicine classifies children's cystitis according to certain characteristics. According to the clinical picture, the pathology varies:

1) in the form of the course of the disease:

• acute cystitis in children manifests itself as an inflammatory process, which develops over a short period of time, up to several hours. This form of the disease is expressed by a surface inflammatory process that occurs on the mucous membrane and submucosal surface of the urinary. If the treatment of cystitis of the acute form in children is started on time and is carried out correctly, then 1-2 weeks are enough to cure.
• Chronic cystitis in children develops as a result of periodic exacerbations of an inflammatory nature in the bladder. Pathogenic diseases often lead to such consequences, in which cystitis is a secondary manifestation. The chronic form of pathology is characterized by the penetration of infection into deeper muscle tissues of the walls of the urinary. Even with adequate treatment, the disease has a long course.

2) by the root cause:

• primary - is an independent disease caused by certain conditions or infections;
• secondary - provoked against the background of the development of another pathology or is a consequence of the pathogenic process in the body.

3) at the location of the inflammatory process:

• focal - these include cervical cystitis (neck neck) trigonite (area of \u200b\u200bthe mucosa of the triangle LIETO), diffuse (surface of the walls of the bladder);
• total when the infection spreads throughout the urinary system.

Symptoms of cystitis in children

A characteristic symptoms of cystitis, regardless of the age of the patient, is frequent urination, accompanied by burning pain. Medicine emits two types of symptoms:

1. General.
2. Local.

With cystitis in children, symptoms of a general nature can be expressed as:

• weakness and malaise;
• increasing subfebrile temperature to indicators +/- 37.5 degrees;
• nausea, in some cases there is vomiting;
• dizziness;
• increased irritability, nervousness.

As for local symptoms, the picture of the manifestation of the disease looks as follows:

• pain in the lower abdomen, aching and cutting;
• acute pain during bowel movements;
• incontinence, especially in girls;
• a change in urine color, it becomes muddy with a characteristic greenish tint;
• urine acquires an unpleasant odor;
• the feeling of constant fullness of the bladder with a constant desire to go to the toilet.

Signs of cystitis in children up to a year

If older children are more or less clear, then how to be the smallest. After all, they cannot tell about painful sensations. You can recognize the presence of pathology by such signs of cystitis in children up to a year:

• frequent urination, more than three times a day;
• crying and groans while walking along the "small";
• the temperature may increase to 39 degrees;
• urine with cystitis in a child becomes muddy and takes a dark color.

How is cystitis diagnosed in children?

During external examination for cystitis in children, redness in the sphincter of urethra and swelling of the vaginal mucosa in girls can be noted. Also, characteristic symptoms indicate the presence of the disease. If you suspect a possible presence of pathology, it is necessary to take the following laboratory tests for cystitis in a child:

• urine and blood analysis (general);
• microbiological sowing, it will help to identify the root causer of infectious inflammation.

After confirming the diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct such instrumental research:

• excretory urography - anatomical examination of the genitourinary system;
• cistoscopy - a study of the internal state of the urinary with the fixation of its lesion.

Doctors especially insist on instrumental examinations of children 2–7 years old. This is done to exclude the possibility of developing pyelonephritis, which very often becomes a complication of cystitis or expressed by identical symptoms.

How to treat cystitis in a child: a medical approach

Since the main pathogen of infection in the bladder is microbes and bacteria, the main struggle is aimed at their localization and destruction. The best tool today is antibiotics for cystitis in children. Penicilin group preparations such as amoxiclav, augmentin, etc. are usually prescribed.

Consider which tablets from cystitis for children today are written out most often:

• Kanefron for children with cystitis is prescribed as an antimicrobial agent. It is accepted for up to 4 weeks, starting from 7 years of age. The drug is realized in the form of a solution for internal administration.
• Furadonin for children with cystitis is prescribed as an antibacterial agent. The form of the release of this drug is cystitis tablets. For children, taking the drug is divided into 4 doses per day.
• Monural for children with cystitis is prescribed in the form of granules in packages of 2 or 3 g. Over 5 years, has an antibacterial effect.

The following groups of cystitis for children also manifest themselves well in treatment:

• anti -inflammatory;
• antibacterial;
• uroseptic;
• antispasmodics;
• diuretics;
• analgesics;
• polyvitamins (as an auxiliary tool).

It should be noted that treatment with medical drugs should be prescribed by a doctor. Self -medication in this case is inappropriate, as you risk the health of your little one.

For help to folk medicine in the treatment of cystitis in a child

Many mothers of infants are afraid to give their children drugs, so the question of what to give the child with cystitis is so relevant. The answer here can be unequivocal, if the disease does not have a pathology and is not chronic, then the folk treatment of cystitis in children can become an exit in such a situation. With cystitis in children, treatment with traditional medicine may be as follows:

1. Rosehip decoction. For its preparation 4 tbsp. l. Red, dry rosehip fruits must be crushed and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. After the decoction boils, remove it from the stove and insist it. Give the child 4 times a day. You can add a little honey. The product has the effect of diuretics, while strengthens the immune system.
2. Therapeutic baths. Mix such medicinal herbs: sage, drying, chamomile (flowers), series, linden color. Each of the herbs take 1 tbsp. Pour everything with boiling water and insist for 20-30 minutes. After a decoction, pour into the bath and add ordinary warm water. Put the baby in such a bath and try to withstand for 15–25 minutes. Baths will relieve inflammation and facilitate the general condition of the child.
3. Herbal collection. In equal proportions, mix herbs: chamomile (flowers), lemon balm, motherwort, series, valerian (if the child is very restless, otherwise it is better to abandon this grass). Pour 1 tbsp the resulting collection with boiling water and insist. Give the baby like tea in a third part of a glass three times a day.

Features of treatment of cystitis in a child

The main task of the mother in the treatment of cystitis in children at home is to ensure the fastest recovery of the peanut with minimal consequences. Therefore, the doctor’s instructions should be undeniable and accepted all the necessary medicines. Also, a sick baby needs:

• bed rest;
• abundant drink;
• compliance with personal hygiene, which includes a frequent replacement of the diaper or underwear;
• a balanced correct diet.

Treatment with a cystitis diet in children

In addition to the use of medical tools, diet and drinking regime will help to alleviate the condition of the child. The first thing to do is exclude acute, salty and sour. The diet for cystitis in children is prescribed individually and depends on the age and general condition. As for the drinking regime, you should focus on the fact that the child should drink:

• up to 1 year - 0.5 l;
• from 1 year to 5 years –1 l;
• from 5 years - 2 l.

This use of fluid provides a continuous influx of urine, which helps to wash out microbes from the bladder. Morses, cranberry decoctions, compotes with currant, sea buckthorn, tea with lemon addition are especially useful. The baby should drink warm drinks constantly, even at night.

Still, what can a child with cystitis? Provide your child with vegetables and fruits, let them become the main part of the diet. Enter sour -milk products, cook the child porridge.

Specialist's opinion: cystitis in children according to Komarovsky

Cystitis in children is an insidious disease from which no child is safe. But mothers can avoid “dating” with this pathology. To do this, put on the child in the weather, do not allow hypothermia, monitor your child’s personal hygiene, use linen for the baby exclusively from natural materials. After all, everyone knows that it is better to prevent a disease than to treat it for a long time and diligently.