Bulimia - what is the disease. Symptoms, signs and consequences of bulimia. How to treat bulimia in the hospital and independently

Most of us the term "Bulimia" is completely incomprehensible. It is often associated with an indomitable increment and further wating weight. But this is not a diet, not chronic overeating, and not even a lifestyle. In fact, bulimia is a serious disease caused by neuro-psychological dysfunction of the body. If such a disorder is not adjusted on time, a person can get a whole complex of chronic diseases, often incompatible with life. Given the cunning of this disease, it is important to know how to get rid of Bulimia and forever to prevent the re-development of this pathology.

Bulimia: What is this disease?

Bulimia (Medical diagnosis of Bulimia nervosa) - pathological food behavior as a result of psychological dysfunction. It manifests itself in the form of uncontrolled attacks of overeating due to a strong feeling of hunger. In some cases, in a couple of hours, the sick person is able to eat more than 2-3 kg of food. But in the end, he does not feel a sense of saturation, and often does not even remember the taste of food, which is absorbed.

After the next attack of gluttony, the patient feels a sense of guilt and regret. Understanding that this is wrong, he is trying to correct the situation. There are several options: it causes artificial vomiting, immediately takes a high dose of the laxative, makes a cleansing enema. Some take a more rational solution and "ride" extra calories in the gym. Health condition confidently worsens, the body is depleted and secondary diseases are beginning to develop against the background of nervous bulimia.

In the subconscious of patients with Bulimia, there are always two obsessive ideas. The first is that the sick person thinks every second about food, he is looking for the store all the time, then he thinks about the list of delicacies that he will buy at the first opportunity. A distinctive feature of such people is a secrecy from others at the time of the feast.

After a short enjoyment of food in a patient, the second obsessive thought leads: "We need to urgently lose weight." This aspect is especially expressed in women who, and without illness, the extra kilograms, from which they try to get rid of them all the time. And on the background of progressive bulimia, these symptoms increase several times.

Among such circumstances, Bulimia patients are involved in a closed cycle. Frequent hunger strikes and chronic stress state strongly burden a person and physically, and morally. When exhaustion reaches its apogee, a person breaks down and removes nervous stress in food in unlimited quantities.

During the short period of food, it provokes an euphoric state, but then everything returns to the circles. There is already a familiar feeling of guilt and the fear of fatting. It provokes another stressful wave, and the patient again begins to fight extra calories.

Unfortunately, bulimia disease, like other psychological deviations, are not perceived by patients as a serious illness. He believes that the help of a doctor, and even more so a psychologist, he does not need. The patient is convinced that as soon as his weight stabilizes, he will be able to stop the next attacks. And the very disease he perceives as a bad habit, which he is ashamed, therefore hides it from others.

Though look like people who have bulimia, in the photo:

Types of bulimia and their influence on the body

The mechanism of the development of bulimia can be passed differently, with its frequency of exacerbations, degree of severity, behavioral and psychological signs. Therefore, the clear classification of Bulimia today is not developed. But experts conventionally divided the disease into two types:

• Primary (true) bulimia. The disease is distinguished by a constant desire to eat something, therefore, the attacks of gluttony are chronic. Patients often suffer obesity, and as a result of psychological self-destruction are more susceptible to alcohol or drug addiction, depression, suicidal thoughts. Statistics show that Bulimia attacks are more common in high-level countries, for example, in the United States, Switzerland. And in countries where people have the level of wealth significantly lower, bulimia is a rarity.
• Bulimia, as a result of anorexia. Anorexia disease also belongs to a group of psychological disorders, which is characterized by refusal of food. A person tries not to gain overweight by all means, so after meals, it is immediately getting rid of a vomiting reflex. Very often, anorexia is found among dancers, actresses, models that have every gram in the account. But constant fasting can cause a strong attack of hunger, which provokes a person to absorb a large number of food. At this moment, anorexia and bulimia are very closely connected with each other, although they are different diseases.

If you do not go into details, the bulimia does not seem like a dangerous disease, according to doctors. What is there dangerous, if a person comes tasty from time to time, and then consciously leads the weight in order? Unfortunately, not everything is so simple. With a prolonged course of the disease, the effects of bulimia may be unpredictable: from chronic diseases of the internal organs to death.

As the Bulimia affects health - a reasonable question, so we consider it more:

• A vomit reflex, which is the main problem of the patient, over time provokes a violation of the respiratory system.
• The abuse of all sorts of types of laxatives, in addition to the complete exhaustion of the body and complete avitinosis, cause imbalance of muscle tone and a malfunction of cardiac rhythm. As a result, the heart loses the ability to fully pump the blood, which threatens with a fatal outcome.
• The uncontrolled overeating can cause the mucous membrane in the esophagus, the intestines. And this often ends with bleeding and severe patient's condition.
• Unhealthy psycho-emotional background violates the work of the nervous system. Hence the depressive state, apathy, suicide.

Primary reasons for the development of bulimia

Since bulimia is a mental disorder, the roots of the problem must be sought on the subconscious level. Psychologists have established that children's injury or experienced stress in more mature age becomes a fairly frequent cause of this disease in a more mature age, which contributed to the violation of the digestive center.

Reason of Bulimia №1: Children's psychological trauma

To play a cruel joke with a child, who in the future fell ill with bulimia, can both parents and peers themselves. The cause of the disease can be:

• permanent feeling of hunger at heart age;
• the deficit of attention and love of parents in preschool age;
• teenager's uncomfortable relationship in the team;
• excessive encouragement of a child with sweet and high-calorie dishes.

A child who is deprived by parental warmth and friendship is looking for a pleasure in something else. In such a situation, a delicious food becomes a source of pleasure. This path is the easiest: food is available, does not harm, not prohibited by parents to get it, you do not need to prove something to someone, try to earn trust, etc. It violates the rule of healthy nutrition, namely: there is only when The body was hungry. As a result, the food center begins to work incorrectly.

The cause of Bulimia №2: understated self-esteem, due to displeasure appearance

This factor is especially cunning in childhood, after all, parents, teachers, friends, even in a joke, offended by a child in the word "fat man", can make a compacted personality with a predisposition to Bulimia. What can cause such an outcome:

• parents all the time picked up a child with his overweight, and inspired him that only slender people can be beautiful;
• rectilinear statements of a friend / parents / coach for excess weight or other flawpit of the child's appearance;
• awareness by a teenage girl that its physique differs significantly from the model appearance.

Girls, approaching adolescent age, begin to compare themselves with women-models. The influence of television, press, girlfriends creates a stereotype that a beautiful figure is a pledge of a serene life. Therefore, teenage girls begin dangerous experiments over their body, using diet, starvation, and then bulimia. The risk of raising bulimia in children with highlightedness and uncertainty in themselves increases.

The reason for Bulimia №3: stress and its consequences

Basically, the first bullimia attacks will debut after experienced stress. The desire to forget what is happening, to get away from suffering or fear, to take pain or fill loneliness is compensated by food in a huge amount. After the attack of bulimia, the body is filled with glucose and for a while becomes happy.

As a rule, the attack of bulimia happens after a negative event, for example, after parting with his beloved, the deadly disease of a loved one, divorce. Food in such a situation seems to be a real chopstick. But the opposite situation happens when overeating occurs against the background of elevated happiness - career increase, novel, marriage. In such a situation, food is a reward for "good job."

Reason of Bulimia №4: Nutrient deficiency

Rows of Bulimics very often replenish people who adhere to a strict diet. A critical restriction in food generates a brutal feeling of hunger and a person, for example, besides a delicious bun or a piece of meat, no longer think about anything. And at one right moment happens to a diet and a person absorbs all the food, which sees. At the psychological level, the signal is triggered that it is necessary to eat as much as possible until "hungry days" appeared again.

Also, this type of bulimia is found in patients with anorexia. Some psychologists argue that Bulimia is a lightweight view of anorexia, when the patient is not able to completely abandon food.

Reason of Bulimia №5: Protection against pleasure

If people living with the idea that they are unworthy of pleasure and if they become happy, they will have to pay for it. The reasons for this self-purification may be a consequence of religious values \u200b\u200bor strict education. The sick person in this case absorbs food as a punishment for "bad" behavior - an unscheduled rest, rash purchase, sexual relationship.

Reason of Bulimia No. 6: Heredity

There is a genetic factor in the development of Bulimia. If relatives had seizures of overeating, there is a high probability of repeating history among the following generations. Such heredity is caused by a feature of the work of the hypothalamus, which causes the imbalance of certain hormones.

Bulimia: the main symptoms of the disease

Bulimia is diagnosed after a deep study of the patient. For this, the human behavior is not just studying, but also conduct ultrasound organs, MRI hypothalamus, determine the water-salt balance. After that, several criteria are specified, on which the diagnosis is based:

1. Unlimited eating food, which a person is not able to control.
2. Use of a vomit reflex or laxative.
3. Border Low body weight.
4. Distribution on its weight and body shapes.

All other signs of Bulimia are individual. It can be:

• Frequent conversations on the topic of obesity, healthy nutrition. Although there is no spectacle about excess weight, Bulimics are concentrated only on this issue.
• Obsessive thoughts on healthy food. The patient, wanting to "disguise" his addiction, tries to advertise his imaginary healthy lifestyle.
• Unstable weight. At Bulimics, the arrow on the weights can often change by 5-8 kg in each direction, which is difficult not to notice the surrounding.
• Worsening of well-being (lethargy, poor memory, locious drowsiness, memory deterioration, depressive state). Nutrient deficit and internal experiences strongly undermine health.
• Teeth and gums come to a terrible state, in the corners of the mouth regularly formed ulcers. This condition appears gastric juice that is distinguished with the lots.
• Hoarse voice, throat disease. Frequent seizures of vomiting strongly damage voice ligaments.
• Red eyes. High blood pressure jumps during vomiting calls lead to the discontinuity of capillaries.
• Intestinal disorders. Diarrhea, constipation, bloating - the result of overeating or the action of the laxative.
• A convulsions caused by poor heart and kidney work. This state is provoked by the flushing of mineral salts.
• Poor skin condition. Dry, pallor, premature wrinkles are caused by avitaminosis.
• Violation of childbearing function in women or reducing erection in men. This occurs as a result of endocrine disorders caused by impaired metabolism.

How to cure bulimia: effective methods

He treats Bulimia Psychotherapist. In his jurisdiction, it remains to decide whether to direct the patient to the hospital or conduct homemade treatment.

Direct testimony to the direction in the hospital are:

• suicidal thoughts;
• dehydration;
• border depletion of the body;
• strongly pronounced depression;
• pregnancy period;
• unsuccessful attempts to cure bully at home.

An integrated approach is considered to be the best option, including psychotherapy and medication treatment.

Bulimia: how to treat yourself

People who accepted their illness and decided to get rid of Bulimia, can try to return to normal life. But it is better to do this under the clear leadership of the doctor:

• Get the diary of food. In it, a week ahead, make up a varied menu within the suitable daily calorie suitable for you. Strictly follow each item.
• We regularly attend the doctor who will follow your condition.
• Include a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet. Observe the question of the appointment of vitamin and mineral additives.
• Pass your illness deeply. Believe me, self-education will serve good motivation.
• If you can not figure out the reasons for your overeating, consult a psychologist.
• Love yourself, stop driven into certain standards - you personality, and not someone's template.

Bulimia: treatment of a psychologist

Psychotherapy is the most important part of the treatment of bulimia. A specialist helps a person to determine the cause of his deplorable state. It is practically impossible to do it yourself, especially if the roots of the problem go into deep childhood.

After the patient's contact is established and the cause of bulimia seizures is defined, a long process of decompensation of the psycho-emotional state of the patient is carried out.

The doctor teaches a patient to deal with stressful situations or moments of joy without food. Treatment allows a person to find himself, lift a self-esteem and forever get rid of obsessive thoughts about food.

How to treat bulimia medicines

Antidepressants use antidepressants to stabilize the nervous system. They allow you to restore the passage of nerve impulses and remove the manifestation of depression. The most effective among them is PRESAK, imizine and fluoxetine at Bulimia.

The disadvantage of these drugs is the ability to slow down the body's reaction. Therefore, at the time of treatment, the patient should be kept from traveling driving and working with mechanisms. Also antidepressants are incompatible with alcoholic beverages.

In addition, for the treatment of bulimia, using anti-ansulistic drugs, for example, Cerukal and Zofran. These pills from Bulimia allow you to block a vomit, which already inertia provokes vomiting after meals.

No matter how hard the modern medicine tried, there is no effective medicine from Bulimia. Remember, the success of treatment depends only on the desire of the patient and its efforts.

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