The reasons for meager menstruation. Why went very scarce menstruation. Instead of menstruation, meager discharge - diagnosis and treatment

Women are always scared by such a phenomenon as meager menstruation. There are many thoughts about this: a sign of pregnancy, a hormonal failure, a dangerous disease. Let's figure out why scarce menstruation is going on, how dangerous this condition is and what needs to be done.

Scarring menstruation. The concept of "hypomenorrhea": what is it?

The menstruation in a healthy woman is cyclic, so it is easy to find out when she comes. The color of the discharge is normal dark red, without impurities of large clots. The average blood loss is from 50 to 150 ml, which depends on the individual characteristics of the woman.

Monthly are considered meager if the volume of lost blood of less than two tablespoons. Often this condition is accompanied by a sharp shortening of menstruation (monthly ones go 1-2 days). In medicine, such a deviation is called hypomenorrhea.

Scanty menstruation often precedes menopause or are a physiological norm during puberty in girls. However, the reasons why there are meager menstruation. Therefore, the gynecologist should find out the root cause.

Scanty discharge instead of menstruation: concomitant symptoms

Scanty menstruation can be a normal appearance and not cause any sensations. But in the presence of pathology, it is possible to join various symptoms. If menstruation become brown, with an unpleasant odor, a woman can feel such symptoms:

• cramping abdominal pain or in the lumbar region;
• migraine;
• nausea, vomiting;
• general weakness;
• a feeling of squeezing in the chest;
• the pain of the mammary glands;

Note! The color of meager menstruation can be different: scarlet, black, brown, beige.

Scanty menstruation - reasons

The meager discharge of normal color that comes on schedule, and gynecologists regard the complete absence of complaints as a variant of the norm, and treatment is not prescribed. Otherwise, the causes of meager monthly should be regarded as a sign of the disease. Depending on the color of the discharge and the time of their appearance, you can suspect a variety of deviations in female health.

Among the main causes of meager menstruation, they distinguish:

• Pathology of the thyroid gland. Thyroxine produced by the gland contributes to the synthesis of female hormones. If there is thyroid dysfunction, a woman has an ovulatory cycle, an inferior endometrium is growing, and a hyponorore occurs.
• Obesity or thinness. The lipid layer takes part in the synthesis of estrogen. If the weight is excessive, there is an excess of hormones, and if the woman is too thin, the estrogen is not enough. Against the background of anorexia or starvation, menstruation may disappear completely.
• Anemia, deficiency of vitamins. Without vitamin-mineral substances, hormones are inhibited, and a pronounced hemoglobin deficiency leads to metabolic disorders. As a result of this, a woman has scarce menstruation, pain, infertility develops.
• Damage to the endometrium during childbirth, curettage field, gynecological operations. The instrumental effect on the internal walls of the uterus often causes endometrial inferiority. He ceases to actively grow, and the periods become scarce.
• Anomalies of uterine structure, uterine resection. If the organ has an inferior structure, menstruation is often moderate or can be completely absent.

Note! Often scarce menstruation, this is a sign of neuropsychic shock and adverse ecology.

Why are scarce brown menstruation

The reasons provoking meager brown discharge are diverse and depend on:

• age category;
• the nature of the sexual activity;
• the presence of pregnancy;
• a history of gynecological surgical intervention;
• infectious processes in the pelvic organs.

Causes of brown menstruation in small quantities:

• Square menstruation brown before full menstruation in gynecology is regarded as a sign of progesterone failure. Hormone deficiency provokes premature rejection of the uterine mucosa. In fact, scarce menstruation is the endometrium, which is the cause of the brown “Summer”.
• In girls in the puberty, the discharge is weak, often light brown, and are the norm. Menstruation can be installed during the first year.
• In the menopause, the brown color of menstrual discharge indicates the extinction of the ovaries.
• Very scarce menstruation, which changed by abundant menstruation, can occur due to unsuccessful implantation of the fetal egg. Often women do not even know that they were pregnant. This phenomenon happens with hormonal imbalance.
• The meager menstruation in the gestational period indicates the threat of miscarriage and progesterone failure.
• The formidable cause of meager menstruation brown is an ectopic pregnancy. In this situation, pregnancy test will be positive.
• Light brown menstruation, which go into bleeding, occurs with adenomyosis.
• Another reason for the meager menstruation is SPPP (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis). If a woman has meager menstruation, pulls the stomach, there are uncharacteristic discharge, it is necessary to hand over strokes to determine the pathogen.

Important! The occurrence of extraordinary menstruation of brown color indicates endometritis, salpingitis, cervical tumors. Therefore, if you do not accept COC, contact a gynecologist for a preventive examination.

Scarried bloody short menstruation

The appearance of moderate bloody discharge in a woman does not always speak of gynecological pathology. In most cases, this is a one -time phenomenon that is not provoked by anything. But there are cases when the doctor’s help is simply necessary.

• It should be worried if bloody discharge occurs in the middle of the cycle. There may be many reasons. These are uterine fibroids, and different malignant tumors, and an ordinary follicular cyst.
• Often contraceptives provoke meager menstruation. Especially often this phenomenon is observed in the first months of contraceptive. If after 4 months the picture does not change, you need to revise the tablet reception scheme to prevent critical fading of the ovarian function.
• Red discharge in a small amount is characteristic of girls who have just begun to menstrue. Also, menstruation can go irregularly, sometimes 2 times a month.
• The cause of meager menstruation with clots may be a violation of the hormonal background. An imbalance of both sex hormones and thyroid hormones is possible. In such a situation, hypothyroidism, estrogen deficiency or progesterone should be excluded.

Can there be meager menstruation pink

The pink color of the discharge is common. In a woman, such menstruation arises for the following reasons:

• fertilization of the egg;
• lack of progesterone;
• cervical anomalies;
• thrush;
• mechanical injuries of the neck or vagina;
• the presence of a contraceptive spiral.

Important! Scanty pink menstruation ahead of schedule are if there is erosion, polyp, a cervix ectropion. The vaginal trauma is also possible.

Scarring menstruation and pregnancy

After conception, the hormonal background changes: the concentration of estrogen falls, and progesterone rises. Such changes affect the structure of the endometrium and prevent its rejection. Therefore, after fertilization, menstruation is always absent.

However, in some cases, scarce menstruation arises in the early stages of gestation, which does not allow the woman to detect pregnancy in time. There are several reasons for this:

• Physiological deficiency of progesterone. If the female body is not able to provide itself with a progesterone, a partial rejection of the endometrium occurs. This can cause termination of pregnancy.
• Implantation of the egg. In the middle of the cycle, when conception occurred, the fetal egg migrates into the uterine cavity and is introduced into the endometrial layer. At this moment, a woman can notice the meager monthly 1 day. The discharge should be light, mucous, insignificant and lasts no more than 36 hours.
• Ectopic pregnancy. When the endometrium is inferior, the fetal implantation occurs in the uterine pipe. In this case, physiological rejection of the uterine mucosa occurs and a woman has scarce menstruation and breasts hurt. There may also be abdominal pain, nausea and other signs of pregnancy.
• Deviations in the development of the fetus. If the embryo is inferior, the body rejects it. At first, scarce periods occur, which are soon replaced by insignificant bleeding.
• Excess of androgens. The pathological high level of male hormones provokes meager menstruation, termination of pregnancy.
• Fertilization of two eggs. Square blood discharge appears when one of the eggs leaves the uterus.

Important! If you suspect pregnancy, because you have meager monthly, but the test is negative, you need to contact a doctor and donate blood to determine the level of hCG. Only this method can be excluded or confirmed by conception.

Menopause and meager menstruation

Climax is a period of extinction of a childbearing function. The hormonal background is rebuilt, and with it the female body begins to work in a new way. The menstrual cycle is also modified. The woman begins to notice the first meager menstruation after 40 years. Sometimes they are replaced by abundant menstrual bleeding. The discharge is ordinary red or darker.

Important! The appearance of meager discharge should not be written off at menopause immediately. There is always a risk of developing dangerous pathologies, which are also manifested by hypomenorrhea.

Square red menstruation after childbirth

The first 2-3 weeks after childbirth, the woman has unfortunate discharge, resembling menstruation.  In this way, the uterus is cleaned of blood clots, the mucous layer, and the remains of the placenta. If, after this period, weak menstruation resumes, you need to contact a doctor. This can happen if the uterus or soft tissues have been damaged.

If a woman after childbirth feeds the baby with her chest, her menstrual cycle does not resume. This is prevented by the production of prolactin, which is responsible for a surge of milk. If the nursing mother has scarce menstruation after childbirth, this indicates problems in the hormonal system. Without the correction of this state, it can be abused and a full menstruation can be restored.

What are meager menstruation after an abortion

After abortion, it does not matter whether it was either surgical, the woman has minor periods for 3-10 days. The meager menstruation after an abortion is caused by the cleansing of the uterus from the mucous ball and blood from the affected vessels.

But there are pathological causes of meager menstruation after abortion:

• pregnancy was not completely interrupted;
• a hormonal failure occurred;
• the cervix was overlapped as a result of an injury.

Advice! If the discharge after abortion persists for more than two weeks or the occurreed menstruation is very scarce, you need to visit the gynecologist.

Meager menstruation and pills

In women taking hormonal drugs, meager menstruation is not uncommon. Such drugs as duphaston and estrogen -containing COCs affect the process of growth and rejection of the endometrium, which causes discharge in the middle of the cycle, insignificant blood loss, violation of the cycle and even breakthrough bleeding.

Dufaston is a synthetic analogue of the female hormone, which is necessary for ovulation, conception and subsequent bearing of the baby. It is often prescribed for infertility, the cause of which is an anovulatory cycle. The drug levels the menstrual graph, and replenishes the physiological deficiency of progesterone. But quite often in women there are meager menstruation after duphaston. This happens if:

• this is the first course of duphaston;
• there is a violation of the prescribed treatment regimen;
• the appointment of Dufaston without confirmation of the progesterone deficiency;
• there was an acute deficiency of estrogen;
• there is an ectopic pregnancy;
• the pituitary gland is broken.

Another reason for the hypomenorrhea is the intake of contraceptives. Gynecologists immediately warn of such a reaction of the body to hormone therapy, so there is no cause for concern. However, meager menstruation is normal only for the first few months. And then the abundance of discharge is restored. If this does not happen, a woman may have:

• incorrectly selected dose of hormones;
• a sharp change in the hormonal background;
• pregnancy;
• intolerance to the prescribed drug;
• gynecological diseases.

Note! Hynecologist should be prescribed contraceptives after checking the hormonal status of a woman.

Scanty menstruation for diseases of the reproductive system

Weak menstruation, especially if they are pathological color, indicate diseases of the reproductive system:

• Endometriosis - The pathology of the mucosa, which leads to its rapid growth in the vagina, on the neck, in the abdominal cavity.
• Endometritis - Inflammation inside the uterus.
• Hyperplasia of endometrium - pathological growth of the endometrial layer.
• Ovarian dysfunction - hormone -dependent violation of the ovarian work, which causes a menstrual cycle failure.
• Polycystic - The defeat of the ovaries with small cysts.
• Uterine polyps or her neck -the growths on the leg of benign nature.
• Sexual infections - chlamydia, thrush, gonorrhea, etc.
• Internal genital tuberculosis - causes endometritis, pain.

Scanty menstruation: What to do?

When regular meager menstruation appears, it is reasonable to contact a gynecologist. To confirm the diagnosis, he will conduct a gynecological examination and give a referral for the examination:

• general blood/urine test;
• mantoux test;
• analysis for the definition of STD;
• cytology;
• determination of the hormonal panel;

Additionally, instrumental diagnostics can be carried out:

• Ultrasound;
• diagnostic scrap;
• colposcopy;
• laparoscopy;
• hysteroscopy;
• pipe-biopsy;
• MRI.

Scanty menstruation - treatment

Therapy of meager menstruation is prescribed according to the results of the examination. Depending on the cause of the pathology, the doctor prescribes suitable drugs and physiotherapeutic procedures.

• If the hypomenorrhea arises against the background of hormonal dysfunction, the woman is shown hormone therapy - oral contraceptives, drugs for restoring ovarian function, vitamins (Tokoferol, B9).
• With inflammation or STSPP, the doctor prescribes antibiotics, immunomodulators, physiotherapeutic measures.
• If the meager menstruation is accompanied by pain, a woman is prescribed painkillers-Nosh-Pa, Ibuprofen, Spasmalgon.
• With neoplasms, surgical intervention is carried out.
• If an endocrine factor is detected, a gynecologist-endocrinologist is engaged in treatment with a hormonal correction.
• The damage to the genital organs with tuberculosis requires an appeal to a phthianist who will prescribe the necessary drugs.

Scanty menstruation - reviews

In women, the causes of meager discharge are different. More often there are reviews that the cause of the problem was hormonal surge, stress, overwork. But soon the discharge normalized, and there was no complicated treatment.

But there are not such optimistic cases. Scanty discharge often portends serious pathologies that require thorough treatment and even surgery. On the network you can find women's stories that such discharge turned out to be the result of ovarian, fibroma, infectious diseases.

If you have received meager menstruation, do not be discouraged. Most likely, there is nothing wrong with this, but it is necessary to visit a gynecologist for his reassurance.

Video "Scanty menstruation: reasons"