What is the pleurisy of the lungs, the symptoms and causes of the disease. Diagnosis of lung pleurisy. How to treat pleurisy lungs with medicines and folk remedies

Lungs are a life -supporting organ of a person. After all, it is they who saturate each cell of the body through the blood with oxygen. The physiological structure of the lungs provides for their special protection in the form of a two -layer film. With its inflammation, the disease is diagnosed - pleurisy lungs. The disease is quite serious and can give complications up to death. The pleurisy of the lungs is what it is and how to treat the pathology of the lungs with medical drugs and means of traditional medicine. Let's figure it out.

What is the pleurisy of the lungs? The mechanism of development of the disease

To understand what the pleurisy of the lungs is, we turn to the anatomy of human lungs.

Lungs - This is a paired organ consisting of two identical parts (right half and left). Each of which is located in the pleura, which is similar to the bag, the front of which is fraught with the chest. Since the pulmonary fabric is very delicate and looks like a porous sponge, it needs protection, so that in the process of operation (oxygen fence and the issuance of carbon dioxide), the lungs could be painlessly in contact with the inside of the sternum.

Protection in the form of a pleura is divided into two parts:

• parietal - parietal;
• pulmonary - visceral.

Inflammation localized in one of these parts is called the pleurisy of the lungs. The inflammatory process can be different. So, with a sutured pleurisy, the liquid in the lungs accumulates, and the fibrinous or dry pleurisy is characterized by a plaque plate.

Causes of lung pleurisy

Pleurisy as an independent disease can occur quite rarely. In most cases, such a pathology is a consequence (complication) of any disease. It is characterized by fibrous overlays or accumulation of fluid in/on the tissues of the pleura. With pleurisy, the causes can be divided into two types:

Non -infectious pleurisy. About 30% of all cases. The reason for such a pathology can be:

• lung injuries obtained by mechanical or surgically;
• lung infarction;
• in women - breast cancer;
• the presence of foreign formations with metastases in the pleura.

Infectious pleurisy occupies 70% of all cases, and provoke its development:

• inflammatory processes in the lungs;
• pathogenic microflora (bacteria, viruses, infections);
• damage to tissues with a fungus.

According to the specifics of the development of the disease, pathogenic microorganisms (infectious pathogens) functioning on nearby tissues during abscess, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and all kinds of methods try to penetrate the pleura.

It happens that pleurisy develops in people with increased permeability of blood vessels. The cause of inflammation is a deficiency of immunity, systemic diseases of the blood.

What can be pleurisy lungs? Types of pathology

Based on the etiology (fluid accumulation or the formation of fibrous plaque), several varieties of pathology are distinguished.

Exudation pleurisy lungs

Exudative pleurisy lungs, Or, as it is also called a temporary pleurisy, it affects only one half of the lungs. It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pleura, which leads to its swelling and worsening of the general hemodynamics of the human body. With this type of disease, the patient has: dry cough, general weakness, temperature, increased swelling on the face and in the neckline, severe pain in the left or right -hand part (depending on localization of fluid accumulation), which retreat during the coup in a lying position.

Purulent pleurisy lungs

From the name itself it is clear that the main reason for the appearance of pleurisy is pus, which accumulates in the pleura. This species refers to one of the forms of exudative pleurisy of the lungs. The course of pathology occurs in severe form and is accompanied by a strong cough, pain in the chest, shortness of breath, temperature, internal pressure on the heart, which causes hypertension. Most of the diagnosed cases purulent pleurisy of the lungs It falls to children's age and for the elderly. Since the pathology has an acute form, therapy is carried out in the hospital under the supervision of specialists.

Osumpovy pleurisy lungs

Osumpovy pleurisy lungsThis is another type of exudative pleurisy. It develops as a reaction of the pleura to the chronic presence of the inflammatory process. It is expressed in the appearance of massive fusion (adhesions), in the cavities of which the liquid is collected. Depending on the accumulated biological substance, the sprayed pleurisy of the lungs may be:

• serous;
• serous-fibrous;
• hemorrhagic;
• purulent.

As for the manifestation of symptoms, the clinical picture depends on the localization, the size of the lesion, and the prescription. So, for example, the inter -laeal pleurisy has almost no manifestations, and located in a diaphragmatic sinus causes discomfort when swallowing and characterized by pains in the upper abdomen.

Dry pleurisy lungs

Fibrous, or its other name dry pleurisy lungs, Usually acts as a secondary disease. Therefore, the initial therapy should be purposeful to eliminate the main pathology. For a fibrous form, stitching pains in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lungs are characteristic, there is tension of the press, superficial breathing, accompanied by a cough. In the absence of treatment, such an inflammatory process can provoke the appearance of adhesions.

Tuberculosis pleurisy lungs

This is a secondary pathology caused by pulmonary tuberculosis. The clinical picture of the disease is diverse and depends on the features of the course of the tuberculosis inflammatory process in the lungs. In addition to pleurisy, in most cases in patients with tuberculosis pleurisy Diagnosis of bronchial cells and other paraospecific reactions are diagnosed. This type of disease is subdivided into subspecies: allergic pleurisy, oral or empyema.

Parapneumonic pleurisy lungs

In the acute course pneumonia, pleurisy lungs Call parapneumonic. It is characterized by an increase in temperature with slight effusion. When examining through an X -ray, a specialist can note an infiltrative shadow, which has a poorly traced contour.

Features of the pleurisy of the lungs in children

In children, regardless of age, they can diagnose any type of pleurisy, which is often a secondary pathology. The pleurisy of the lungs in children can develop as a complication, of a disease that causes such reasons:

• hypothermia;
• frequent infectious diseases;
• fungal damage;
• mechanical damage to the chest;
• the consequence of the diseases, such as: pneumonia, tuberculosis, typhoid.

It is noted that 80% of children's serous, fibrous or dry pleurisy is a complication after tuberculosis. As for the purulent, it appears if infection occurs with pneumococci, streptococci, staphylococci.

Symptoms of lung pleurisy

The disease of the lungs is pleurisy, has a kind of symptoms, which depends on the type of pathology. But with any "layout" the patient complains of pain in the sternum, coughing, shortness of breath. In some cases, it is fixed elevated temperature. Over time, the chest increases, becoming more in size, and breathing is difficult.

Depending on the type of pleurisy of the lungs, symptoms can be as follows:

1. With exudative pleurisy lungs are observed:

• stupid pains observed in the left or right of the sternum, depending on the destination;
• constantly present by dry cough;
• protrusion of intercostal spaces;
• shortness of breath, a feeling of lack of air, inexplicable severity;
• the temperature accompanied by chills rises.

2. For dry pleurisy, the following symptoms are characteristic:

• when sighs, coughing, sharp movements, the patient notes stitching pain in the sternum;
• there is a strong sweating;
• breathing becomes superficial, and with visual observation, the sore part lags in lifts when breathing from the healthy side;
• the temperature is accompanied by chills and fever.

3. Acute purulent pleurisy has the most complicated course and has the following symptoms:

• high temperature indicators;
• tachycardia;
• severe pain in the sternum;
• curred the whole body;
• there is little person, which affects his weight;
• the shade of the skin becomes earthly.

Symptoms of lung pleurisy In adults, the disease is often unnoticed at the beginning of the progression. Since they are written off on the manifestation of ordinary colds. Therefore, in order to prevent pleurisy, fluorography needs to be underwent twice a year, and in case of suspicion of pulmonary diseases and more often. If the disease is not treated, then it flows into a chronic form, which entails cicatricial changes (adhesions) of pleural tissue. As a result - the lungs cannot open up to the fullest, leading to the insolvency of breathing.

Lung pleurisy - treatment

Treatment of lung pleurisy depends on the type of pathology itself and the disease that provoked such a complication. Certain agents are prescribed, which contribute to reducing inflammation and eliminating symptoms.

Drug treatment of lung pleurisy

Drug drugs are prescribed based on the diagnosis, so pleurisy:

• against the background of pneumonia or caused by infection, is treated with antibiotics;
• against the background of rheumatism - non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs and painkillers;
• in combination with tuberculosis, it lends itself to the treatment of antibiotics of a directed action (destruction of Koch sticks).

Regardless of the type of pleurisy, analgesics are prescribed to alleviate the condition of the patient, as well as means to maintain the cardiovascular system. With severe dry cough, along the other way, antitash drugs are prescribed.

Other methods of pleurisy therapy

With dry pleurisy, the setting of mustard and other warming compresses is prescribed. As soon as the acute phase passes, you need special breathing gymnastics. It prevents the appearance of adhesions between the external and internal pleura.

If the pleurisy of an exudative nature with a large volume of effusion, then pleural puncture is prescribed. It is done in order to drain the pleural cavity. In one procedure, no more than one and a half liters of liquid are pumped out of the lungs.

If chronic purulent pleurisy is diagnosed, surgery is required. A surgery is carried out called plex -rectomy, during which parts of the pleura with purulent contents are removed and the lungs are released.

Treatment of lung pleurisy folk remedies

With pleurisy mild treatment with folk remedies can act as an auxiliary, since it will not work to cure this pathology without medicines. And during the time spent on folk therapy, the disease can progress. Patients should take note of the following recipes for traditional medicine:

• Beet juice. It is consumed freshly squeezed with honey. For 50 ml of juice 1 tbsp of honey. Daily reception is 100 g, in the morning and evening. This medicine is not subject to storage, so the juice must be squeezed before each use again.
• Onion juice It is mixed in an equal proportion with honey and is taken 1 tbsp twice a day. Black radish has the same effect, so onion juice can be replaced with juice.
• Tincture from plantain. 2 tbsp of dry plantan leaves pour 0.5 l of boiling water. Insist and take warmly 100 ml 3-4 times a day.
• Mix in the same proportion of grass: dryers, coltsfoot, mint. Bred 1 tbsp. l. How tea and drink three times a day.

Features of treatment of lung pleurisy in the elderly

At pleury lungs, symptoms and treatment in older people They are slightly different from the standard approach to therapy. In addition to drug treatment, people aged are recommended to be in bed. Since with age the body will recover much more complicated. Doctors advise not to load the heart muscles, to avoid stress, unrest. It is also necessary to adhere to a sparing nutrition with a large number of useful trace elements and vitamins. The food should be based on vegetables, fruits and cereals.

Complications of pleurisy

As a rule, after proper therapy, the patient forgets about pleurisy forever. If the recommendations and prescriptions of the doctor in the treatment of the pleurisy of the lungs, the consequences can be deplorable. The development of complications depends on the main etiology of the disease.

Complications of lung pleurisy can be as follows:

• adhesions develop;
• there is an infection of the inter -lane cracks;
• pneumosclerosis develops;
• fibrosing when the sheets of the pleura are compacted;
• massive mooring are formed;
• empyema - suppuration of fluid accumulated in the pleura;
• respiratory failure.

Caring for your health is the best prevention of pleurisy. A good, balanced diet, an active lifestyle, the lack of bad habits, this is a great help for strong immunity. Do not let colder diseases on a gravity, as this can lead to the development of pneumonia, tuberculosis, and pneumonia. Pleurisy, this is not often encountered, but once “having met” it, it will have to be observed with experts over the years. In advanced cases, the accumulation of fluid in the lungs can lead to a deadly end, so you should not ignore the sudden breast pain.