Causes and symptoms of eye pressure. How to measure eye pressure, norms of indicators. Treatment of eye pressure at home

Human's eyes are not only a "soul mirror", but also an important organ of feelings. Deviations in the work of the visual apparatus can provoke not only impairment of vision, but also a violation of general human well-being. An important criterion characterizing eye health is an eye pressure indicator. Deviation of an ophthalmus value as towards zoom in and towards the reduction is a violation and requires an additional examination of the patient. What indicators are the norm of eye pressure in women and men? What corrective events will help to normalize ophthalmotonus?

What is eye pressure

The wording "Pressure of the Eye DNA" (Ophthalmotonus) characterizes the degree of voltage between the contents of the eyeball and its shell. This parameter determines the pressure that the vitreous body and the eye fluid on the walls of the eyeball, the cornea and the scler. Every minute in the eye is received and outflow of about 2 cubic meters. mm liquid. When the balance of the flow and dishellion of the liquid is observed, a normal ophthalmotonus is observed. Violation of this process leads to an increase or decrease in eye pressure. Both states are dangerous to health and require correction.

Select 3 types of ophthalmotonus violations:

1. Transient - characterized by a short-term change in the indicator and further returning it into the boundaries of the norm.
2. The labile is also the pressure also varies temporarily with the subsequent normalization, but such changes occur regularly.
3. Stable increased pressure is constant, due to which it is the greatest danger to a person.

Eye pressure - causes of deviations

The increase and decrease in ophthalmotonus can cause various reasons - this is the age of the patient, and the presence of chronic diseases, as well as surgical interventions (especially eye operations). The additional risk of deviations in the eye pressure indicators is noted in people suffering from diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular pathologies having eye diseases, hyperopia and hereditary predisposition to the disease. High eye pressure occurs more often than low.

Causes of an increase in ophthalmusus:

• Functional disorders in the body, the consequence of which is reinforced fluid production.
• Deviations in the work of the cardiovascular system.
• Strong stress.
• Increased physical exertion.
• Excessive passion for coffee.
• Frequent alcohol consumption.
• Strong cough, bouts of vomiting.

Causes of low ophthalmotonus:

• Elevated eye voltage caused by long-term work at a computer reading with poor lighting, etc.
• Inflammatory processes affecting the vascular grid of the eye shell.
• Featured eye injuries leading to the appearance of fistulas (holes), hit in the eye of foreign bodies.
• Retinal detachment.
• Reduced blood pressure.
• Dehydration of the body.

Eye pressure - symptoms of increased and reduced ophthalmotonus

When increasing and with a decrease in the eye pressure, the ailments will be different. Moreover, symptoms in men and women also have their own characteristics.

With elevated ophthalmus, complaints are often noted on:

• Headaches in the field of temples.
• Dizziness.
• Pickness in the eyes.
• Discomfort when lifting eyebrows.
• Reducing the field of visibility (lateral width).
• Impairment at dusk and in bad lighting.
• Bulk vision, especially immediately after waking up.
• A pronounced vascular grid in his eyes burst capillaries.

In case of hypotension, the eyes are often noted such symptoms as:

• Dryness and discomfort in the eyes (frequent blink).
• Loss of characteristic shine of the moistened surface of the eye.
• Eye pain.
• Discomfort in the form of pop-up points, periodic burning and short-term turbidity of vision.
• Damage in the eyes.
• Worsening vision.

With minor deviations in the eye pressure indicators, a person may not feel discomfort - signs of eye pressure impairment may be absent. The patient does not even recognize the disorders. In addition, jump, like a drop in pressure, can wear a short-term episodic character and not to talk about the need for special therapy. The optimal method of controlling eye health is regular (at least 1 time per year) visiting an ophthalmologist.

How to measure eye pressure

The measurement of eye pressure indicators is performed at the reception at the ophthalmologist. In clinical practice, the following techniques are most applied to measure eye pressure:

• Contactless toneometry using electron.

This technology is the most secure. The procedure does not bring absolutely no discomfort. The technique is based on strengthening the production of intraocular fluid and accelerate its outflow. The equipment is quite expensive, therefore it is more common in private specialized centers.

• Contactless ICare Tonometer.

Expensive equipment, so it is not equipped with every healing institution. Diagnostics is carried out using a special disposable sensor. The latter comes into contact with the cornea and records the necessary data.

• Pneumotonometry.

The center of the cornea is exposed to an air jet. The study is performed quickly and does not cause special inconveniences. The disadvantage of this method is not too high accuracy. To determine the true indicators, 4 measurements are made.

• Tonometry on Maclakov.

The procedure is not painful, but not too pleasant. It is carried out under local anesthesia. In the course of tonometry in the center of the cornea is placed. After removing it on the surface of the eye there is a certain imprint. Measurement parameters obtained impression allow to draw conclusions about the patient's intraocular pressure. The method can not be called modern, but its diagnostic value is high enough.

If there are no special devices in the Arsenal to determine the eye pressure, the output of the state of the ophthalmotonus is made on the basis of the data of the manual examination. During the Palpation, the doctor presses with indicable fingers as early as the patient and, based on sensations, makes conclusions about the density of eyeballs. This method of study, of course, cannot be called final, but it can determine the need for further more detailed examination.

Eye pressure in adults - indicators of norms and variants of deviations

The evaluation of the data of the eye pressure is made on the basis of their compliance with the established criteria of the norm.

Normal eye pressure

Indicators ocular pressure normally differ for different age patients.

• The permanent norm is an ophthalmus in the range from 12 to 22 mm. Hg. Art. These values \u200b\u200bare guidelines for all people under the age of 40 years.
• The average value of the eye pressure is 15 - 17 mm. RT. Art.
• During the day, the eye pressure is experiencing small (3 - 4 mm. RT. Art.) Oscillations. At the same time, the greatest digits are marked in the morning. By evening there is a slight decrease in the indicators.

Age changes affect all organs and human systems. No exception, and eyes. Regular eye examinations of the ophthalmologist's doctor become particularly relevant, since the risk of developing glaucoma increases. What the eye pressure is normal in older adults?

• 50 - 60 years, normal ocular pressure ranges 23 - 25 mm. RT. Art.
• At 70 years and older than the indicator of the norm is an ophthalmus in the range of 23 - 26 mm. RT. Art.

These values \u200b\u200bdo not indicate the presence of pathology.

Raduined Eye Pressure Indicators

Eye hypotension (or reduced eye pressure) is characterized by a decrease in ophthalmotonus. Anxious is considered the situation when the eye pressure drops below 10 mm. RT. Art. Weakly pronounced hypotension of the eye can not exercise herself for a long time. In this case, this state is also dangerous, as well as an increase in eye pressure. The reduced ophthalmotonus is often noted in people suffering from diabetes.

Increased eye pressure

People in age are more often predisposed to increasing intraocular pressure indicators, although the disease can affect young people. Pressure provokes weak fluid outflow. Hyperthonus eyes is noted in case of exceeding the indicator of 22 mm. RT. Art. (taking into account the age of the patient).

Eye pressure - diagnostics at home

If there are symptoms indicating a possible reduction or an increase in eye pressure, initial diagnostics can be carried out at home. For this you need:

1. Close your eyes and put a finger in the eyelid.
2. Make a slight pressure on the eyeball.
3. With an elevated ophthalmusone, the ball will be bad to succumb to the deformation and felt quite solid. In the case of eye hypotension, the eyeball will be overlooked. Rounded and moderately elastic ball - rate indicator.

Glaucoma and eye pressure

Glaucoma is a sufficiently dangerous eye disease. Pathology can be worn both congenital and acquired in nature. The danger of the disease lies in a gradual destroying effect on the eye nerve. Lack of treatment leads to a complete and irreversible loss of vision. The defeat of the eye nerve occurs under the influence of increased eye pressure. It is impossible to ignore such a state.

• The suspicion of the development of glaucoma occurs already with steadily increased indicators of the eye pressure - 23 - 25 mm. RT. Art.
• The initial stage of glaucoma is not accompanied by a pronounced deflection of an ophthalmus indicator. In some case, there may be a small excess (by 4 - 5 mm. Hg. Art.) Norm. At the beginning of the disease, pressure usually does not exceed 27 mm. RT. Art.
• Further development of pathology leads to an increase in the eye pressure. At this stage, the digits of the ophthalmus are often fluctuated in the range of 27 - 33 mm. RT. Art.
• When the disease has already entered away, the eye pressure indicators exceed 33 mm. RT. Art. This stage of glaucoma is the ultimate.

How to treat high eye pressure drugs

The identified systematic deviations cannot be ignored. Therapy is selected individually taking into account the severity of pathology, the age of the patient and its common anamnesis. A good result gives comprehensive therapy - combinations of medical drugs and folk remedies. With regard to the latter, it is worth a reservation - any treatment must be coordinated with the doctor. In the presence of high eye pressure, prescribed medical drugs are designed to improve the removal of excess eye fluid. Additional components of drugs feed eye.

The following drops from the eye pressure hit this category of funds:

• Taphluprost - reduces ophthalmotonus, is used for glaucoma therapy;
• Xalatan - reduces intraocular pressure, improves moisture outflow;
• Travaatan - slows down the progression of glaucoma, contributes to the removal of the fluid;
• Coward;
• AZOP.

The first 3 drugs belong to the prostaglandin group. Medicines are quite effective, but have a number of side effects. So long-term use of these medications leads to a narrowing of the patient's pupil. As a result, a decrease in the field of view, the appearance of pain in the temporal and frontal parts of the head.

Coward and AZOP belong to the category of carcamihydrazers. These drugs do not cause deterioration of the condition by vision, but can negatively affect the work of the kidneys.

• Reduce the amount of fluid released is designed by beta-blockers (for example, Timoptic preparation, betaxolol, thymolol).
• The action of m-cholinomimetics (pylocarpine) is also aimed at improving the outflow of excess fluid.

If conservative treatment does not have the required effect, it is advisable to think about surgical interference. A good result shows a laser surgery, during which the paths of the outflow of intraocular fluid open. As a result - a decrease in ophthalmus. However, this intervention is not allowed to all.

Reduced Eye Pressure - Medical Treatment of Violations

In the case of hypotension, the eye is possible both conservative and operational treatment. The first includes:

• hydroxygerapy (treatment with oxygen use);
• performing injections with vitamin B1;
• purpose of drugs, gently increasing intraocular pressure (for example, aloe, atropine, 1% cortisone emulsion);
• injections of dexamethasone or sodium chloride solution;
• use of medications, aimed at eliminating vasospasms and treatment of atrophy;
• antibacterial agents (if necessary).

It is worth noting that these techniques and types of drugs are not used at the same time. The particular treatment policy determined by the individual characteristics of each patient.

Eye pressure - the popular ways of correcting deviations

In case of increased intraocular pressure is often used aid red clover, plants, golden mustache.

• Take 1 tbsp. l. dried clover and fill it with 100 ml of boiling water. Insist broth 2 hour. Strain and drink of 100 mL daily at bedtime.
• 17 kolenets golden whiskers poured 0.5 liters of vodka. Composition send it stand in a dark place for 12 days, not forgetting to shake infusion every 3 days. Take before breakfast, 1 tbsp. l. (1 per day).
• In a glass of buttermilk, place a pinch of cinnamon and drink composition. Repeat the procedure daily (preferably at bedtime).
• 25 g herb euphrasy pour 500 ml of boiling water. When the broth infusion, strain it through cheesecloth. Make lotions of ready money for the day.
• Help normalize intraocular pressure natural tomato juice. Daily should drink 1 glass product.
• 2 potato tuber peel, wash and grate. Adding to the composition 1 h. L. apple cider vinegar. Components and leaving to stir for 20 minutes. Ready mush put on the gauze and apply as a compress.

When hypotonic eye is very good aloe. Cut into pieces of 5 - 6 leaves of aloe. Pour raw materials cup boiling water and check for another 5 minutes. Prepared broth rinse eyes (3 - 5 times a day). During the manipulation is often a feeling of burning or other unpleasant symptoms. It is not necessary for them to stop the procedure.

Removing the eye pressure - therapeutic exercises for the eyes

Performing simple exercises will not only be a good prevention of disorders of the eye pressure, but also help ameliorate the problems that have already arisen. The main purpose of gymnastics for the eyes - to relieve tension and improve blood circulation eye.

1. Follow stroking his forehead with his hands. First pass from the middle of the forehead to the temples, and then - from the eyebrows to the forehead.
2. Go to the window and look through the window into the street. Choose any distant point, and for a few seconds, focus on it. After glancing at the glass itself. Repeat the exercise 10 times.
3. Within 3 minutes, gently flick your fingertips on the forehead.
4. Perform circular massaging motion in the temples.
5. Put an index finger before your eyes. Look in front of yourself (as if through the finger), then turn the look at the finger and down. Repeat the exercise 15 times.
6. Close your eyes and gently massage for 1 minute of a century.
7. Eyes closed. Make a slight pressure in the eyelid, and after - release. The number of repetitions - 7.
8. Alternately translate the look from left to right and vice versa.
9. Rotate your eyes first in one direction, and after to another.

Stick to balanced nutrition, do not overdo it and do not forget about moderate physical exertion, and then your eyes will not remind yourself of anxious symptoms for a long time.