What is with anemia. Features of the diet with anemia for adults and children. Diet with iron deficiency anemia: Table menu. Diet for pregnant women with anemia

Anemia is a pathological condition in which there is a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, as well as the concentration of hemoglobin. Most often, anemia is not an independent violation, but is a manifestation of other diseases. Although provoking this ailment may be scarce and unbalanced nutrition. The main function of hemoglobin is the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to all organs and tissues of the body. Its low content leads to oxygen starvation of the latter. As a result, the deterioration of the general human well-being. Correction of the diet is a mandatory component of therapy for anemia. If pathology is expressed moderate, often to normalize the state of quite properly balanced nutrition.

Features diet under anemia

Anemia can be caused by different reasons. In this regard, several varieties of pathology are distinguished.

• Conducting anemia (the most common form of illness) - develops due to the lack of iron in the body.
• Hemolytic anemia is noted with the rapid destruction of red blood cells.
• Folide-defective anemia is due to the deficiency of vitamins B9 (folic acid) and B12.
• Sick-shaped cell anemia is characterized by synthesis of mutating hemoglobin cells.
• Postgemorrhagic anemia - occurs when blood loss (single or systematic).
• Aplastic anemia is provoked by a weakened bone marrow function.

The most frequent form of anemia is iron deficiency. Depending on the degree of its severity, a decision on drug therapy is made in combination with a diet or only change in the diet of the patient.

Proper nutrition is aimed at restoring the function of the blood formation, as well as normalization of blood composition. In addition to the saturation of the body with iron by means of nutrition, the patient must be carried out as much time as possible in the fresh air, to observe the mode of sleep and recreation, and moderate physical activity can be shown on the recommendations of the doctor.

Rules diet with anemia

With a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood, patients are recommended:

• Use more food rich iron. The active receipt of this substance will raise the level of hemoglobin in the blood, will improve overall well-being.
• The main sources of iron are protein food, fruits and vegetables. In this case, consumption of fats must be reduced.
• Berries, greens and fresh juices should be present in the diet.
• An important component of successful therapy is not only consumption of sufficient amount of iron from food, but also its subsequent assimilation. For this reason, do not forget to include products and dishes with vitamin C in the diet.
• Do not combine the reception of iron-containing and dairy products. The latter violate the hardware suction process.

The basis for the preparation of the diet under anemia is the diet table 11 according to the pessner, aimed at enriching the body with iron, vitamins, proteins and amino acids. The effect of this diet is based on the inclusion in the diet of the iron-ductable iron (meat, white mushrooms, seafood, cereals (oatmeal and buckwheat), fruits, berries, honey and dried fruits) in combination with products for its best suction.

Important!
With anemia, the number 11 is not prescribed in the presence of concomitant severe pathologies of the heart, liver, the gastrointestinal organs.

What should not be included in the diet diet under anemia

If there is a decrease in hemoglobin concentration, it is recommended to avoid consumption:

1. Oxolates. They are contained in walnuts, legumes, spinach, chocolate, solid grain. If you love legume cultures very much, soak them before cooking 12 hours in cold water. Such manipulation will significantly reduce the negative impact of the product on the body.
2. Polyphenols. Their greatest concentration is celebrated in coffee and black tea. Coffee drink is capable of halving to reduce the amount of learned iron. Cocoa consumption and herbal teas are allowed, but you should not cry with them.
3. Calcium. Despite the enormous benefit of this mineral for the human body, this compound prevents the absorption of iron. Do not use dairy products as the basis of your diet.
4. Fitinic acid (bean, oilseeds and cereals).

These substances violate the absorption process of iron.

Diet with iron deficiency anemia

Depending on the age and peculiarities of the patient's health with iron deficiency anemia, the doctor adjusts the therapy algorithm. A successful fight against anemia shows a combination of diet and medication treatment.

Diet with anemia in adults

When establishing the fact of anemia, an adult diet is aimed at an increase in protein intake, as well as vitamins. On a day it is recommended to consume:

• up to 120 g of proteins;
• no more than 40 g fat;
• up to 450 g of carbohydrates;

The daily calorie rate is 3000 - 3500 kcal. These indicators are used in the preparation of a diet with anemia for both women and men.

These products are recommended:

• Non-fat varieties of meat and fish.
• Liver.
• Vegetables (cabbage, potatoes, eggplants, pumpkin, zucchini, tomatoes, cucumbers, pepper).
• Fruits and berries (citrus, apples, gooseberries, melon, blueberries)
• Onions, garlic, lettuce leaves.
• Corn.
• Macaroni from solid wheat varieties.
• Oatmeal and buckwheat.
• Cottage cheese, cheese, eggs.
• Honey, jam.

Data list is a recommendation. If there is an allergic or other negative reaction to any product, it is, of course, it is necessary to exclude.

An example of a menu for a week with anemia in an adult:

Monday:

• Breakfast: Omelet with buckwheat. Cottage cheese with fruit and sour cream. Broth of apricot.
• 2nd breakfast: cheese. Dried fruits compote.
• Lunch: Borsch. Mashed potatoes with turkey. Vegetable salad.
• Halfoon: Cheese. Kefir.
• Dinner: baked mackerel with vegetables. Seasonal fresh fruit.

Tuesday:

• Breakfast: Rice porridge with raisins and honey. Sandwich with cheese, decoction of rosehip.
• 2nd breakfast: cottage cheese and dried fruits.
• Lunch: Chicken soup with vermicelline. Vegetable stew with beef. The vinaigrette.
• Alpan: oatmeal cookies with cocoa.
• Dinner: steam meat cutlets. Ragu from eggplant. Compote.

Wednesday:

• Breakfast: millet porridge with fruit. Cheesecakes with sour cream. Coffee with milk.
• 2nd breakfast: fruit kissel.
• Lunch: brideller. Buckwheat porridge with melligents. Fresh cabbage with apples.
• Afternoon school: cottage cheese pudding.
• Dinner: baked potatoes with meat (low-fat!). Vegetable salad. Compote.

Thursday:

• Breakfast: Dranians from zucchini with sour cream. Fresh fruits.
• 2nd breakfast: yogurt and cheese. Fruit mousse.
• Lunch: Mushroom soup soup. Boiled pasta with meat. Salad from Bulgarian pepper, cucumbers and tomato.
• Afternoon person: cheese. Dried fruits.
• Dinner: buckwheat porridge with meat zrazami. The vinaigrette. Tomato juice.

Friday:

• Breakfast: tomato soup. Oatmeal cookies. Compote.
• 2nd breakfast: seafood salad.
• Lunch: soup with meatballs. Fried fish and mashed potatoes. Salad of sauerkraut.
• Sferdnik: Fresh fruits.
• Dinner: Fish, baked with vegetables. Ceff mousse.

Saturday:

• Breakfast: cottage cheese casserole. Dried fruits compote.
• 2nd breakfast: boiled chicken egg.
• Lunch: Chicken bunch soup. Vegetable stew with meat. Tea.
• Afternoon person: Apples baked in the oven.
• Dinner: steam fish cutlets with fresh bell pepper and tomatoes. Pancakes with meat. Rho rosehip.

Sunday:

• Breakfast: pancakes with vegetables and sour cream. Tea with oat biscuits.
• 2nd breakfast: Kisel.
• Lunch: Okroshka. Rice with duck. Boiled broccoli.
• Soon: Fritters from Zucchini.
• Dinner: Potato puree with baked meat. Salad of greens, fettes and Bulgarian peppers. Lime tea.

Diet with anemia in children

Children anemia develops most often for two reasons - the lack of iron intake in the body (due to poor nutrition) or a violation of the suction process of this element from the gastrointestinal tract. The correct diet is one of the key components in the elimination of anemia in children. If necessary, iron preparations can be appointed.

It should take into account that meat, fish and liver are rich in iron, but it is absorbed in small quantities. While, for example, breast milk has a small concentration of mineral, but it is completely absorbed. When drawing up a children's menu, pay attention to the products with an easily disgraced iron - meat (beef, lamb, veal, turkey), calf and pork liver. These products contain animal proteins, so necessary for the synthesis of hemoglobin, as well as mineral salts, vitamins and fats. Copper is also present in the liver, which also stimulates the generation of hemoglobin.

Also in the children's menu it is advisable to include:

1. Crupes - buckwheat, bash, oat and peaked. Worst of all glands are absorbed from oats.
2. Lentil, beans (only after prior soak). Age restriction for these products - at least 2-3 years old child.
3. Dried fruits (raisins, dried, prune).

Improve the absorption of iron helps:

• germinated grains;
• unrefined oils;
• olive cold press oil;
• fruits (bananas, mango, papaya, avocado);
• high vitamin C products (tomato, orange and lemon juice, green onions, sea buckthorn, rosehip, strawberry, currant, viburnum).

What is not worth giving a child with anemia, so this chocolate, flour foods, carbonated drinks, strong black tea, coffee, fried and fatty dishes, sorrel and rhubarb. Feed meals rich in calcium should be carried out isolated (for example, in the form of a snack).

An example of a menu for a child with anemia:

Monday:

• Breakfast: buckwheat porridge with steam cutlet. Compote from dried fruits.
• 2nd breakfast: cottage cheese pudding.
• Lunch: soup with meatballs. Vegetable cutlets. Tomato juice.
• Afternoon snack: fruit.
• Dinner: millet porridge with boiled fish. Vegetable Salad. Herbal tea with currants sheet

Tuesday:

• Breakfast: oatmeal with apples and dried apricots. Cheese. Tea.
• 2nd breakfast: Cheesecakes with sour cream.
• Lunch: Vegetable soup. Puree and boiled meat. Kissel.
• Afternoon person: Fritters with honey.
• Dinner: Potato Distas with boiled meat. Fruit compote.

Wednesday:

• Breakfast: baked fish with vegetables. Cocoa with cookies.
• 2nd breakfast: boiled egg.
• Lunch: Mushroom soup (or soup). Fish cutlets with vegetables. Compote.
• Afternoon school: beetter.
• Dinner: Rice porridge with raisins and Kuragya. Fritters. Tea.

Thursday:

• Breakfast: Omelet with buckwheat. Cheese. Herbal tea.
• 2nd breakfast: pancakes with sour cream.
• Lunch: brideller. Washing porridge with melligents. Stew.
• Afternoon person: Zabachk caviar, cookies.
• Dinner: Macaroni from solid varieties. Steam turkey chatlet. Salad from fresh bell pepper and greens.

Friday:

• Breakfast: steam cutlet with vegetable salad (Bulgarian pepper, radishes, greens). Dried fruits compote.
• 2nd: chopped herring, bread.
• Lunch: Borsch, potatoes with baked fish. The vinaigrette.
• Afternoon person: cabbage pancakes.
• Dinner: Rice porridge with lean ham. Vegetable stew. Herbal tea.

Saturday:

• Breakfast: potatoes and pate from the liver. Pancakes. Rho rosehip.
• 2nd breakfast: Pudding from fish.
• Lunch: noodles soup on chicken broth. Boiled veal with stewed vegetables. Kissel.
• Afternoon school: cottage cheese pudding.
• Dinner: Fish cutlets with baked potatoes. Fruit pudding. Compote.

Sunday:

• Breakfast: buckwheat porridge with boiled veal. Herbal tea.
• 2nd breakfast: cheesery.
• Lunch: Okroshka. Beefstex with buckwheat. A fresh vegetable salad.
• Sferdnik: Dranians from zucchini with sour cream.
• Dinner: oatmeal with liver. Sauerkraut. Herbal tea.

Diet with anemia in the elderly

Anemia in the elderly often is a consequence of a whole complex of causes - a larger lifestyle, the presence of chronic diseases, features of the immune system response. The diet in this case no longer plays a decisive role as in a younger age. Nevertheless, some recommendations for nutrition doctors give. And the chief advice is to avoid hunger and overeating. It is necessary to eat fractionally and often.

By drawing up its diet, it is better to make it better for such products as low-fat meat and fish, greens, vegetables (not only fresh, but also pickled), seasonal fruits and berries. Pay attention to the buckwheatter, beets and cabbage. Dairy and fermented dairy products also do not forget. A common error is to switch to the vegetarian menu. Of course, the organism of the body to digest much easier than meat, but also the necessary proteins and iron they will not give.

In the presence of problems with digestion or teeth, a blender or meat grinder will be a good help. Fast food is quickly absorbed, which means that the tide of strength and energy you will feel faster.

Diet with anemia in pregnant women

The body of future mothers spends its reserves not only to maintain their own work, but also on the growth and development of the baby. For this reason, the woman is often faced with a shortage of certain elements. And one of them is iron. The woman's presence of anemia will often find out according to the results of a general blood test (criterion - hemoglobin indicator). Although with highly low figures, pregnant can complain about bad well-being. Drugs during the waiting period of the child are usually prescribed with pronounced violations of a woman or with pathologies that threaten the normal development of the baby or the flow of pregnancy.

If anemia is moderately expressed, most often the power correction is enough. The diet of a pregnant must contain:

• Non-fat meat (veal, beef, rabbit, turkey, chicken).
• Low-fat fish.
• Beef liver and brains.
• Cereals (especially buckwheat, peashed and oatmeal).
• Vegetables (beets, carrots, bell pepper, tomatoes, zucchini and eggplant, pumpkin, broccoli).
• Fruits (citrus, apricots, pears, apples, grenades, and dark grape varieties).
• Berries (Kalina, Irga, Melon, Blackberry, Strawberry).
• Corn.
• Vegetable oil (unrefined).
• Rosehip fruits, sea buckthorn.

By drawing up your own menu, do not forget about the possible allergic reactions of your body.

Menu of pregnant with anemia:

• Breakfast.

The first meal necessarily consists of two dishes. It can be a liver, boiled fish or meat in combination with rice, buckwheat or wheat porridge. Cutlers and meatballs are well combined with vegetables (fresh or in the form of stew). You can also cook pudding from cereals or vegetables, a sandwich with solid cheese and creamy oil can also be prepared. From drinks, preference can be given herbal teas, compotes (from fresh fruits or dried fruits).

• Lunch.

The second meal occurs at 11-12 hours. For him, you can use fish (boiled, fried, baked or in the form of souffle) and vegetables. With a lack of calcium calcium for the snack, curd casseled casseled, cheesecakes, cottage cheese with sour cream and dried fruits can be used. A good drink from the first half of the day there will be a decoction of rosehip.

• Dinner.

The mandatory dining meal will be the first. It can be any soup on meat or vegetable broth, borsch, soup, ear, pickle or mushroom soup. As a second dish, preferably a combination of vegetables or cereals with meat or fish. Cutters, cutlets, zrazy from vegetables, meat or fish - a good variety of the usual menu. Do not forget about the compote and dessert - fresh fruits for your taste.

• Afternooner.

For the second snack you can use fruits and berries, jelly and mousses. Summarkers with tea.

• Dinner.

The future mom cannot be hungry, so dinner should also be made up of two dishes. It can be meat or fish dishes, eggs, puddings from croup. As a supplement, vegetables are in the form of salads or stew, fresh or marinated. Berry juice or compote with cookies or sandwich.

Equal milk drinks normalize digestion, being a good prevention of constipation. T. K. Calcium negatively affects the absorption of iron, try to drink kefir, ryazhenka or spokes isolated from the main meals. For example, before bedtime.